my-server
← Wiki

Outline of Apple Inc.

The following outline of Apple Inc. is a topical guide to the products, history, retail stores, corporate acquisitions, and personnel under the purview of the American multinational corporation:

Apple Inc. was founded as Apple Computer Company on April 1, 1976, to produce and market Steve Wozniak's Apple I personal computer. The company was incorporated by Wozniak and Steve Jobs in 1977. Apple became the first publicly traded U.S. company to be valued at over $1 trillion in August 2018, $2 trillion in August 2020, and at $3 trillion in January 2022. Since 2011, Apple has been the world's largest company by market capitalization except when Microsoft held the position between January and June 2024.

Hardware

Mac

Mac, a family of personal computers made by Apple:

iPhone

Apple's smartphone:

iPad

Apple's tablet lineup:

  • iPad – the name for Apple's entry-level iPads
  • iPad Air – a more powerful, higher-end iPad
  • iPad Mini – smaller iPad
  • iPad Pro – pro iPad

Apple Watch

Apple's smartwatch lineup:

Apple Vision Pro

The Apple Vision Pro is a mixed-reality headset and spatial computer.

Accessories

  • AirPods – wireless audio accessory lineup
  • AirPods – entry-level earbuds
  • AirPods Pro – noise-cancelling earbuds
  • AirPods Max – over-ear headphones
  • Apple TV – digital media player
  • Apple Pencil – digital stylus and input device for iPads
  • HomePod – home speaker with Siri built-in
  • HomePod Mini – smaller and less expensive HomePod
  • Siri Remote – Apple TV remote
  • AirTag – tracking device
  • Computer displays
  • Studio Display – consumer display
  • Studio Display XDR – pro display
  • Computer peripherals
  • Magic Keyboard – Keyboard with optional fingerprint sensor for Macintosh computers
  • Magic Keyboard for iPad – Magic Keyboard version for the iPad Pro and iPad Air
  • Magic Mouse – Multi-touch mouse
  • Magic Trackpad – multi-touch external trackpad

Software

Operating systems

macOS

macOS Server

iOS

Software

Pro apps

Services

Consumer-facing

Back-end

  • iTunes Connect – service to upload content to the iTunes Store and Apple Books

Developers

Apps

  • Instruments – app performance analyzer
  • Xcode – integrated development environment (IDE)

APIs

  • CloudKit – allows developers to build iCloud sync into their apps
  • Cocoa – Apple's user interface API for macOS
  • UIKit – Apple's user interface API for iOS
  • GymKit – protocol for communication between Apple Watch and gym equipment
  • HealthKit – APIs to integrate with Apple's Health app
  • HomeKit – home automation framework
  • Metal – Apple's graphics API on all platforms
  • WebKit – open-source browser engine

Retail

History

Mac history

Defunct displays

iPhone history

Defunct products

  • iPod – defunct portable music player lineup
  • IPod Classic – high-end iPod (2001–2014)
  • IPod Mini – smaller iPod (2004–2005)
  • IPod Nano – smallest iPod (2005–2017)
  • IPod Touch – multitouch iPod (2007–2022)
  • Newton – defunct personal digital assistant (PDA) lineup, the first ones with handwriting recognition
  • Xserve – defunct rack-mounted server lineup
  • Mac Pro – customizable desktop workstation

Defunct software

  • Aperture – professional photo editing app (2005–2015)
  • Mac OS – the Macintosh operating system preceding macOS (1984–2001)
  • Mac OS memory management – Mac OS memory management details
  • System 6 – released in 1988
  • System 7 – released in 1991
  • Copland – System 7's scrapped successor (1994–1996)
  • Mac OS 8 – released in 1997
  • Mac OS 9 – released in 1999
  • Xsan – a storage area network for macOS

Defunct protocols

  • AFP – defunct disk sharing network protocol
  • AppleTalk – defunct local networking protocol (1985–2009)

Ancillary operating systems

  • A/UX – short-lived commercial OS merging System 7's GUI and application layer atop UNIX on select 68k Macintoshes
  • MkLinux – a libre experiment in microkernel engineering (1996–2002)

Hardware before 1998

Hardware after 1998

Apple silicon

Technologies and protocols

  • AirDrop – Mac and iOS filesharing protocol
  • Apple Lossless – open-source lossless audio codec
  • Bonjour – Apple's implementation of Zeroconf
  • CarPlay – a standard for connecting to cars

Personnel

Founders

  • Steve Jobs – 1976–1985, 1997–2011 – Co-founder, chairman, CEO
  • Steve Wozniak – 1976–1985 – Co-founder, Engineer (ceremonial role; 1985–current)
  • Ronald Wayne – 1976–1976 – Co-founder (briefly; 2 weeks).

CEOs

Board of directors

Former board members

Executives

  • Tim Cook – 1998–current – CEO (previously SVP of Worldwide Sales and Operations)
  • Sabih Khan – 1995–current – COO (previously SVP of Operations)
  • Kevan Parekh – 2013–current – CFO
  • Jennifer Newstead - 2025-current - SVP and General Counsel
  • Greg "Joz" Joswiak – 1986–current – SVP Worldwide Marketing
  • Craig Federighi – 1996–1999, 2009–current – SVP Software Engineering.
  • Eddy Cue – 1989–current – SVP Services.
  • Katherine L. Adams – 2017–current – SVP Government Affairs (previously General Counsel)
  • John Ternus – 2001–current – SVP Hardware Engineering
  • Johny Srouji – 2008–current – SVP Hardware Technologies
  • Deirdre O'Brien – 1991–current – SVP Retail + People

Former executives

  • Peter Oppenheimer – 1996–2014 – SVP and CFO
  • Henri Lamiraux – 1990–2013 – iOS (previously Mac OS then OS X) Software Engineering VP
  • Scott Forstall – 1996–2011 – SVP of iOS Software.
  • Ron Johnson – 2000–2011 – SVP of Retail Operations.
  • John Browett – 2012–2012 – SVP of Retail. Former CEO of Dixons.
  • Mark Papermaster – 2008–2010 – SVP of Devices Hardware Engineering.
  • Bertrand Serlet – 1997–2011 – SVP of Software Engineering
  • Sina Tamaddon – 1997–2009— SVP of Applications
  • Angela Ahrendts – 2014–2019 – SVP of Retail. Formerly CEO of Burberry
  • Jony Ive – 1992–2019 – CDO (previously SVP of Industrial Design)
  • Bruce Sewell – 2009–2017 – General Counsel
  • Dan Riccio – 1998–current – former SVP of Hardware Engineering, currently working on unnamed project
  • Phil Schiller – 1997–current – currently an Apple Fellow (previously SVP of Worldwide Marketing)
  • Bob Mansfield – 2005–2012 – SVP of Mac and Devices Hardware Engineering (later Technologies), from July 2013, retained for "special projects"
  • Luca Maestri - 2013–current - currently VP of Corporate Services (previously CFO)
  • John Giannandrea – 2018–2025 – SVP Machine Learning and AI Strategy
  • Jeff Williams - 1998–2025 - COO

Other contributors

  • Mark Davis, software engineer and language programmer who started his career at Apple

Subsidiaries

Mergers and acquisitions

  • Apple Inc. mergers and acquisitions – a list of company mergers and acquisitions by Apple (in alphabetical order):
  • AlgoTrim – (bought August 2013), a Swedish data compression company, especially focused on still/video image compression, founded by Anders Berglund, Anders Holtsberg, and Martin Lindberg in 2005.
  • Anobit – (bought December 2011), an Israeli fabless flash memory company, founded by Ehud Weinstein, Ariel Maislos, and Ofir Shalvi in 2006.
  • AuthenTec – (bought July 2012), security hardware and software for PCs and mobile device company, founded in 1998.
  • Beats Electronics – (bought August 2014), music headphones and streaming service
  • Chomp – (bought February 2012), an app search engine company, founded by Ben Keighran and Cathy Edwards in 2009.
  • Cue – (bought October 2013), a personal assistant app company, founded by Daniel Gross and Robby Walker in 2010.
  • Emagic – (bought July 2002), music software and hardware company, best known for its music sequencer, Logic.
  • Embark – (bought August 2013), a startup company focused on developing transit information apps for user public transportation navigation in major US cities, founded by John Hering, David Hodge, Taylor Malloy, and Ian Leighton in 2011.
  • FingerWorks – (bought early 2005), a gesture recognition company, founded by John Elias and Wayne Westerman in 1998.
  • HopStop – (bought July 2013), an online transit guide with subway, bus directions, and maps, founded by Chinedu Echeruo in 2005.
  • Intrinsity – (bought April 2010), fabless semiconductor company, founded as EVSX in 1997 on the remnants of Exponential Technology, then renamed Intrinsity in 2000.
  • Lala – (bought December 2009), online music store company, founded by Bill Nguyen.
  • Locationary – (bought July 2013), a Canadian crowdsourced location data management company, founded by Grant Ritchie in 2009.
  • Matcha – (bought August 2013), a second screen TV/video startup, previously available as a media discovery iOS app (closed in May 2013), founded by Guy Piekarz, Ilan Ben Zeev, and Paul Petrick in September 2010.
  • NeXT – (bought December 1996), computer company, founded in 1985 by Apple Inc. co-founder Steve Jobs after he was fired from Apple the same year. Current macOS, iOS, watchOS, and tvOS operating systems are largely built on its programming environment standard, OpenStep. Early versions of Mac OS X Server (codename Rhapsody) were OPENSTEP with a Mac-look and feel.
  • Nothing Real – (bought February 2002), a high-end digital effects software development company for the feature film, broadcast and interactive gaming industries, founded by Allen Edwards and Arnaud Hervas in October 1996.
  • P.A. Semi – (bought April 2008), a fabless semiconductor company founded by Daniel W. Dobberpuhl in 2003.
  • Particle – (bought September 2012), a HTML5 web app company, founded by Ericson de Jesus, Cole Rise, and Aubrey Anderson in 2008.
  • Passif Semiconductor – (bought August 2013), an Oakland, California based semiconductor company specializing in low energy wireless chips, founded by Ben Cook and Axel Berny in 2007.
  • PrimeSense – (bought November 2013), an Israeli fabless semiconductor company specializing in 3D sensing, founded by Aviad Maizels, Alexander Shpunt, Ophir Sharon, Tamir Berliner and Dima Rais in 2005.
  • Redmatica – (bought June 2012), an Italian music editing software company, known for Keymap Pro sampler software, founded by Andrea Gozzi in 2004.
  • Silicon Color – (bought October 2006), "FinalTouch" color correction software and non-linear video editing software development company, now known as Apple's Final Cut Pro software.
  • Siri – (bought April 2010), an intelligent personal assistant and knowledge navigator software company, founded by Dag Kittlaus, Adam Cheyer, Tom Gruber, together with Norman Winarsky in 2007. Apple initially integrated the software into iOS, the later to the watchOS and tvOS platforms.
  • Spruce Technologies – (bought July 2001), a DVD authoring company, founded by Dr. Hiromu Soga in 1996.
  • Topsy – (bought December 2013), a US data analytics company, founded by Vipul Ved Prakash, Rishab Aiyer Ghosh, Gary Iwatani, and Justin Foutts in 2007.
  • WiFiSlam – (bought March 2013), an indoor location services company, founded by former Stanford students Darin Tay, Joseph Huang, Jessica Tsoong and Dave Millman in 2011.

Design

Media

  • Media events – special events where Apple Inc. announce the release of their products and services. Usually, this is done by Apple's current CEO often featuring other executives, previously most notably Steve Jobs.
  • Stevenote – keynote addresses, usually held at the beginning of media events, where former CEO Steve Jobs would announce the release of new Apple products. Noted for his idiosyncratic style of presenting, and also for his "One More Thing..." surprise announcements at the end.
  • Advertising – various Apple Inc. advertising techniques and campaigns.
  • 1984 (advertisement) – specific TV and print ad campaign, inferring how Mac computers will free users from tyrannies similar to those prophesied in the George Orwell novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. Launched the first Macintosh computer; the Macintosh 128K.
  • Think different – specific TV & print ad campaign, inferring how Macs do things differently (meaning better) to other computers used in the home and small to medium-sized businesses.
  • Get a Mac – TV ad campaign, humorously inferring the superior nature of a Mac vs. Windows PC.
  • iPod advertising – various iPod ad campaigns since its initial release in 2001.

Apple-related

See also

References

External links

  • – official site