The OttomanâÂÂPersian Wars also called the OttomanâÂÂIranian Wars were a series of wars between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid, Afsharid, Zand, and Qajar states of Iran (Persia) through the 16thâÂÂ19th centuries. The Ottomans consolidated their control of what is today Turkey in the 15th century, and gradually came into conflict with the emerging neighboring Iranian state, led by Ismail I of the Safavid dynasty. The two states were arch rivals, and were also divided by religious grounds, the Ottomans being staunchly Sunni and the Safavids being Shia. A series of military conflicts ensued for centuries during which the two empires competed for control over eastern Anatolia, the Caucasus, and Ottoman Iraq.
Among the numerous treaties, the Treaty of Zuhab of 1639 is usually considered as the most significant, as it fixed present TurkeyâÂÂIran and IraqâÂÂIran borders. In later treaties, there were frequent references to the Treaty of Zuhab.
Similar conflicts: