Orchestina is a genus of spider belonging to the family Oonopidae (goblin spiders). They can be found nearly worldwide in the Americas, Asia, Africa, Europe and Australia. Members of this genus are tiny having body lengths of around 1.0 to 3.0 mm. They are also capable of jumping due to their fourth femur being enlarged.
It was first described by Eugène Simon in 1882.
Distribution
Orchestina has a nearly globally distribution however there are found mostly from Central to South America, Africa and Asia. There are a few species appearing in North America, Europe, and Australia.
China has more than 20 species with Xishuangbanna, Yunnan containing eight species being part of the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot. The northernmost species in China is Orchestina zhiwui.
Ecology
They are a dominate group of spiders in the canopies as seen from many of their specimens being collected through canopy fogging. However they are occasionally found under bark, grasses, in litter and suspended litter. They can even be found inside of buildings.
Species
Orchestina is species-rich genus including more than 180 species as of October 2025 making is one of the most speciose genera in Oonopidae.
These species listed below have articles on Wikipedia:
- Orchestina dentifera <small>Simon, 1893</small> â Caribbean. Introduced to Brazil, Tanzania, Réunion, Seychelles, Sri Lanka
- Orchestina ebriola <small>Brignoli, 1972</small> â Greece
- Orchestina elegans <small>Simon, 1893</small> â Philippines
- Orchestina longipes <small>Dalmas, 1922</small> â Portugal, Spain (Balearic Is.), France (Corsica), Italy
- Orchestina manicata <small>Simon, 1893</small> â Sri Lanka, Vietnam?
- Orchestina pavesii <small>(Simon, 1873)</small> â Canary Islands, Southwest Europe to Greece, Bulgaria, Algeria, Egypt, Yemen (type species)
- Orchestina pilifera <small>Dalmas, 1916</small> â Sri Lanka
- Orchestina setosa <small>Dalmas, 1916</small> â Canary Islands, France, Italy (Sardinia), Greece (incl. Crete)
- Orchestina simoni <small>Dalmas, 1916</small> â Portugal, France, Italy, Greece, Turkey
- Orchestina tubifera <small>Simon, 1893</small> â Sri Lanka
- Orchestina acaciae <small>Henrard & , 2012</small> â Tanzania
- Orchestina aerumnae <small>Brignoli, 1978</small> â Bhutan
- Orchestina alata <small>Tong & Li, 2025</small> â China
- Orchestina algerica <small>Dalmas, 1916</small> â Algeria
- Orchestina ampulla <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â Tanzania
- Orchestina andianavarroi <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Argentina
- Orchestina apiculata <small>Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016</small> â China
- Orchestina aproeste <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina arabica <small>Dalmas, 1916</small> â Yemen
- Orchestina aragua <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Venezuela
- Orchestina arboleda <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Colombia
- Orchestina atocongo <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Peru
- Orchestina auburndalensis <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â United States
- Orchestina aureola <small>Tong & Li, 2011</small> â China
- Orchestina bedu <small>Saaristo & van Harten, 2002</small> â Yemen (Socotra)
- Orchestina bialata <small>Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016</small> â China
- Orchestina bolivar <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Venezuela
- Orchestina bonaldoi <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina cachai <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Chile
- Orchestina caixiae <small>Tong & Li, 2025</small> â China
- Orchestina cajamarca <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Peru
- Orchestina caleta <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Chile
- Orchestina cali <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Colombia
- Orchestina campana <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Panama
- Orchestina catarina <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina caxiuana <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina chaparrita <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Mexico
- Orchestina chiriqui <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Costa Rica, Panama
- Orchestina cincta <small>Simon, 1893</small> â South Africa
- Orchestina clavigera <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â Kenya
- Orchestina clavulata <small>Tong & Li, 2011</small> â China
- Orchestina coari <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina codalmasi <small>Wunderlich, 2011</small> â Malaysia
- Orchestina colubrina <small>Liu, Henrard & Xu, 2019</small> â China
- Orchestina comaina <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Peru
- Orchestina communis <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â Ghana, DR Congo, Uganda, Kenya
- Orchestina concava <small>Tong & Li, 2024</small> â China
- Orchestina cornuta <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â Cameroon
- Orchestina cristinae <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina
- Orchestina crypta <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â DR Congo
- Orchestina curico <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Chile
- Orchestina dalmasi <small>, 1956</small> â Morocco
- Orchestina dapojing <small>Tong & Yang, 2024</small> â China
- Orchestina debakkeri <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â Ghana
- Orchestina dentifera <small>Simon, 1893</small> â Caribbean. Introduced to Brazil, Tanzania, Réunion, Seychelles, Sri Lanka
- Orchestina divisor <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina ebriola <small>Brignoli, 1972</small> â Greece
- Orchestina ecuatoriensis <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Ecuador
- Orchestina elegans <small>Simon, 1893</small> â Philippines
- Orchestina erwini <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Ecuador
- Orchestina fannesi <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â Namibia, South Africa
- Orchestina fernandina <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Galapagos
- Orchestina filandia <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Colombia
- Orchestina flagella <small>Saaristo & van Harten, 2006</small> â Yemen
- Orchestina flava <small>Ono, 2005</small> â Korea, Japan (Ryukyu Is.)
- Orchestina foa <small>Saaristo & van Harten, 2002</small> â Yemen (Socotra)
- Orchestina fonteferrea <small>Wunderlich, 2023</small> â Portugal
- Orchestina fractipes <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â West, Central Africa
- Orchestina furcillata <small>Wunderlich, 2008</small> â Azores
- Orchestina galapagos <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Jamaica, Panama, Galapagos
- Orchestina gibbotibialis <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â Kenya
- Orchestina gigabulbus <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â Ghana
- Orchestina goblin <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
- Orchestina golem <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Ecuador, Peru, Brazil
- Orchestina granizo <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Chile
- Orchestina grismadoi <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Bolivia
- Orchestina griswoldi <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Costa Rica
- Orchestina guatemala <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Guatemala
- Orchestina hammamali <small>Saaristo & van Harten, 2006</small> â Yemen
- Orchestina hyperofrontata <small>Tong & Yang, 2024</small> â China
- Orchestina iemanja <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina infirma <small>Seo, 2017</small> â Korea
- Orchestina intricata <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â Somalia, Tanzania
- Orchestina itapety <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina jaiba <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Chile, Argentina
- Orchestina juruti <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina kairi <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Trinidad
- Orchestina kamehameha <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Hawaii
- Orchestina kasuku <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â DR Congo
- Orchestina labarquei <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Panama
- Orchestina lahj <small>Saaristo & van Harten, 2006</small> â Yemen
- Orchestina lanceolata <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â Cameroon
- Orchestina laselva <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Costa Rica, Ecuador
- Orchestina launcestoniensis <small>Hickman, 1932</small> â Australia (Tasmania)
- Orchestina leon <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina lini <small>Tong & Li, 2025</small> â China
- Orchestina longipes <small>Dalmas, 1922</small> â Portugal, Spain (Balearic Is.), France (Corsica), Italy
- Orchestina longituba <small>Tong & Li, 2025</small> â China
- Orchestina losamigos <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Peru
- Orchestina luispi <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Argentina
- Orchestina macrofoliata <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â DR Congo
- Orchestina madrededios <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Peru
- Orchestina magna <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Ecuador
- Orchestina mancocapac <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Peru
- Orchestina manicata <small>Simon, 1893</small> â Sri Lanka, Vietnam?
- Orchestina maracay <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Venezuela
- Orchestina maureen <small>Saaristo, 2001</small> â Seychelles
- Orchestina mayo <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Ecuador
- Orchestina menglun <small>Tong & Li, 2024</small> â China
- Orchestina microfoliata <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â DR Congo, Uganda
- Orchestina minutissima <small>Denis, 1937</small> â Algeria, Spain
- Orchestina mirabilis <small>Saaristo & van Harten, 2006</small> â Yemen
- Orchestina moaba <small>Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935</small> â United States
- Orchestina molles <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Chile
- Orchestina moura <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina moyuchi <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Bolivia
- Orchestina multipunctata <small>Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016</small> â China
- Orchestina nadleri <small>Chickering, 1969</small> â United States
- Orchestina nahuatl <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Mexico
- Orchestina nahuelbuta <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Chile
- Orchestina neblina <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Venezuela
- Orchestina obscura <small>Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942</small> â United States
- Orchestina okitsui <small>Oi, 1958</small> â Japan
- Orchestina osorno <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Chile
- Orchestina otonga <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Ecuador
- Orchestina pakitza <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Colombia, Peru
- Orchestina pan <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Panama
- Orchestina pandeazucar <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Chile
- Orchestina para <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina paupercula <small>Dalmas, 1916</small> â Gabon
- Orchestina pavesii <small>(Simon, 1873)</small> â Canary Islands, Southwest Europe to Greece, Bulgaria, Algeria, Egypt, Yemen (type species)
- Orchestina pavesiiformis <small>Saaristo, 2007</small> â Portugal, Spain, Georgia, Israel. Introduced to United States, Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay
- Orchestina pilifera <small>Dalmas, 1916</small> â Sri Lanka
- Orchestina pizarroi <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Chile
- Orchestina platnicki <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Colombia, Brazil, Argentina
- Orchestina predator <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Ecuador
- Orchestina probosciformis <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â DR Congo, Uganda
- Orchestina qingyuani <small>Tong & Li, 2025</small> â China
- Orchestina quasimodo <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â United States
- Orchestina quenies <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Chile
- Orchestina quijos <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Ecuador
- Orchestina ranchogrande <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Venezuela
- Orchestina rapaz <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina retiro <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina saaristoi <small>Henrard & Jocqué, 2012</small> â Nigeria, DR Congo, Yemen
- Orchestina saltabunda <small>Simon, 1893</small> â Venezuela
- Orchestina saltitans <small>Banks, 1894</small> â United States
- Orchestina sanguinea <small>Oi, 1955</small> â Japan
- Orchestina santodomingo <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Ecuador
- Orchestina sarava <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina saudade <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina sechellorum <small>, 1979</small> â Seychelles
- Orchestina sedotmikha <small>Saaristo, 2007</small> â Israel
- Orchestina setosa <small>Dalmas, 1916</small> â Canary Islands, France, Italy (Sardinia), Greece (incl. Crete)
- Orchestina shuar <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Ecuador
- Orchestina silvae <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Peru
- Orchestina simoni <small>Dalmas, 1916</small> â Portugal, France, Italy, Greece, Turkey
- Orchestina sinensis <small>Xu, 1987</small> â China, Taiwan
- Orchestina sotoi <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Ecuador, Brazil
- Orchestina storozhenkoi <small>(Saaristo & Marusik, 2004)</small> â Russia (Far East)
- Orchestina striata <small>Simon, 1909</small> â Vietnam
- Orchestina subclavulata <small>Tong & Li, 2024</small> â China
- Orchestina subconcava <small>Tong & Li, 2025</small> â China
- Orchestina sublongituba <small>Tong & Li, 2025</small> â China
- Orchestina taruma <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina tentoria <small>Tong & Li, 2025</small> â China
- Orchestina thoracica <small>Xu, 1987</small> â China
- Orchestina topcui <small>DaniÃ
Âman & CoÃ
Âar, 2012</small> â Turkey
- Orchestina totoralillo <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Chile
- Orchestina truncata <small>Wunderlich, 2004</small> â Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador
- Orchestina truncatula <small>Tong & Li, 2011</small> â China, India
- Orchestina tubifera <small>Simon, 1893</small> â Sri Lanka
- Orchestina tubulata <small>Tong & Li, 2011</small> â China (Hainan)
- Orchestina tzantza <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Ecuador, Peru
- Orchestina ucumar <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Bolivia, Brazil, Argentina
- Orchestina utahana <small>Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935</small> â United States, Mexico
- Orchestina vainuia <small>Marples, 1955</small> â Samoa
- Orchestina valquiria <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Brazil
- Orchestina venezuela <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Venezuela
- Orchestina waorani <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Ecuador, Brazil
- Orchestina wengnan <small>Tong & Li, 2024</small> â China
- Orchestina wuzu <small>Tong & Li, 2025</small> â China
- Orchestina xiebao <small>Lin & Li, 2024</small> â China
- Orchestina xuexing <small>Tong & Li, 2025</small> â China
- Orchestina xui <small>Tong & Li, 2024</small> â China
- Orchestina yanayacu <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Ecuador
- Orchestina yigong <small>Tong & Li, 2025</small> â China
- Orchestina yinggezui <small>Tong & Li, 2011</small> â China (Hainan)
- Orchestina zhengi <small>Tong & Li, 2011</small> â China (Hainan)
- Orchestina zhiwui <small>Liu, Xu & Henrard, 2019</small> â China
- Orchestina zingara <small>Izquierdo, 2017</small> â Colombia
References
External links