Operation Diadem order of battle is a listing of the significant formations that were involved in the fighting on the Winter Line and at the Anzio bridgehead south of Rome during Operation Diadem in May - June 1944 which resulted in the Allied breakthrough at Cassino and the breakout at Anzio leading to the capture of Rome.
C-in-C: General Sir Harold Alexander
Chief of Staff: Lieutenant-General Sir John Harding
Commander:
Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark
Major General Lucian K. Truscott
* U.S. 3rd Infantry Division (Brigadier General John W. O'Daniel) until 25 May 1944
* British 1st Infantry Division (Major-General John Hawkesworth)
* U.S. 45th Infantry Division (Major General William W. Eagles)
* U.S. 1st Armored Division (Major General Ernest N. Harmon)
* U.S. 34th Infantry Division (Major General Charles W. Ryder)
* U.S. 36th Infantry Division (Major General Fred L. Walker) (from 18 May 1944)
* British 5th Infantry Division (Major-General Philip Gregson-Ellis)
* First Special Service Force (3 regiments of two battalions each, U.S. and Canadian) (Brigadier General Robert T. Frederick)
Major-General Geoffrey Keyes
* U.S. 88th Infantry Division (Major General John E. Sloan
* U.S. 85th Infantry Division (Major General John B. Coulter)
* 1st U.S. Armored Group (three tank battalions)
* U.S. 3rd Infantry Division (Brigadier General John W. O'Daniel) (from 25 May)
Corps Expéditionnaire Français (French Expeditionary Corps) (on the Winter Line)
Général d'armée (General) Alphonse Juin
* 3ème Division d'Infanterie Algérienne (3rd Algerian Infantry Division) (Général de division (Major-General) Joseph de Goislard de Monsabert)
* 4ème Division Marocaine de Montagne (4th Moroccan Mountain Division) (Général de division (Major-General) François Sevez)
* 2ème Division d'Infanterie Marocaine (2nd Moroccan Infantry Division) (Général de division(Major-General) André W. Dody)
* 1ère Division Française Libre/1ère Division Motorisée d'Infanterie (1st Motorised Infantry Division) (Général de division (Major-General) Diego Brosset)
* Commandement des Goums Marocains (Command of Moroccan Goumiers - Three Groups of Tabors each comprising three tabors of 500 to 800 men) (Général de brigade (Brigadier-General) Augustin Guillaume)
* Corps Troops
**7ème et 8ème Régiments de Chasseurs d'Afrique (7th and 8th African Light Cavalry Regiment) (M10 tank destroyers)
**Régiment d'Artillerie Coloniale du Levant (Levant Colonial Artillery Regiment)
**64ème Régiment d'Artillerie d'Afrique (64th African Artillery Regiment)
**Groupe de canonniers-marins (Navy Artillery Battalion - two batteries)
Army Reserve
* H.Q. U.S. IV Corps
* U.S. 36th Infantry Division (Major-General Fred L. Walker) (Until 18 May 1944)
Commander:
Lieutenant-General Sir Oliver Leese
Lieutenant-General Sidney C. Kirkman
*British 4th Infantry Division (Major-General Dudley Ward)
*British 6th Armoured Division (Major-General Vyvyan Evelegh)
*8th Indian Infantry Division (Major-General Dudley Russell)
*British 78th Infantry Division (Major-General Charles Keightley)
*1st Canadian Armoured Brigade (Brigadier W. C. Murphy)
Lieutenant-General E. L. M. Burns
*1st Canadian Infantry Division (Major-General Chris Vokes)
*5th Canadian Armoured Division (Major-General Bert Hoffmeister)
*British 25th Army Tank Brigade (Brigadier J.N. Tetley)
Lieutenant-General WÃ
ÂadysÃ
Âaw Anders
*Polish 3rd Carpathian Rifle Division (Major-General BolesÃ
Âaw BronisÃ
Âaw Duch)
*Polish 5th Kresowa Infantry Division (Major-General Nikodem Sulik)
*Polish 2nd Armoured Brigade (Brigadier-General Bronislaw Rakowski)
Lieutenant-General Sir Richard L. McCreery
* 2nd New Zealand Division (Lieutenant-General Sir Bernard Freyberg)
* British 24th Guards Brigade (Brigadier A.F.L. Clive)
* British 2nd Parachute Brigade (Brigadier C.H.V. Pritchard)
* 12th South African Motorised Brigade (Brigadier R.J. Palmer)
* Italian Corps of Liberation (Six battalions and a regiment of artillery) (General Umberto Utili)
Army Reserve
* 6th South African Armoured Division (Major-General Evered Poole)
British V Corps (On the Adriatic front in a holding role directly under A.A.I.)
Lieutenant-General Charles Allfrey
* 4th Indian Infantry Division (Major-General Arthur Holworthy)
* 10th Indian Infantry Division (Major-General Denys Reid)
*British 23rd Armoured Brigade (Brigadier R.H.B. Arkwright)
Commander:
Field Marshal Albert Kesselring
Army Group Reserve
*1st Paratroop Panzer Division (Brigadier-General Wilhelm Schmalz) (in OKW Reserve)
*26th Panzer Division (Lieutenant-General Smilo Freiherr von Lüttwitz)
*29th Panzergrenadier Division (Lieutenant-General Walter Fries)
*90th Panzergrenadier Division (Major-General Ernst-Günther Baade)
*92nd Infantry Division (Major-General Werner Goeritz) (Tiber Coastal Command)
Commander: Lieutenant-General Eberhard von Mackensen (until end May 1944, then under direct command of Kesselring)
Lieutenant-General Alfred Schlemm
*3rd Panzergrenadier Division (Brigadier-General Hans Hecker to 1 June then Major-General Hans-Günther von Rost to 25 June then Major-General Walter Denkert)
*4th Parachute Division (Major-General Heinrich Trettner)
*65th Infantry Division (Major-General Hellmuth Pfeifer)
Lieutenant-General Traugott Herr
*362nd Infantry Division (Major-General Heinz Greiner)
*715th Infantry Division (Major-General Hans-Georg Hildebrandt)
Tenth Army (on the Winter Line)
Commander: General Heinrich von Vietinghoff
Lieutenant-General Frido von Senger und Etterlin (on leave 17 April to 17 May during which time Lieutenant-General Otto Hartmann)
* 15th Panzergrenadier Division (Major-General Rudolf Sperl)
* 71st Infantry Division (Major-General Wilhelm Raapke)
* 94th Infantry Division (Major-General Bernhard Steinmetz)
Lieutenant-General Valentin Feurstein
* 1st Parachute Division (Lieutenant-General Richard Heidrich)
* 5th Mountain Division (Major-General Max-Günther Schrank)
* 44th Infantry Division (Major-General Bruno Ortner)
* 114th Jäger Division (Major-General Alexander Bourquin to 19 May 1944 then Major-General Hans Boelsen)
Korpsgruppe Hauck (on Adriatic front in holding role)
Major-General Friedrich-Wilhelm Hauck
* 305th Infantry Division (Lieutenant-General Friedrich-Wilhelm Hauck)
* 334th Infantry Division (Major-General Hellmuth Böhlke)
Armeegruppe von Zangen (in northern Italy)
Commander: Lieutenant-General Gustav von Zangen
Lieutenant-General Anton Dostler
* 356th Infantry Division (Major-General Egon von Neindorff until 15 May then Major-General Karl Faulenbach)
* 162nd Turkoman Division (Major-General Oskar von Niedermayer)
Corps Witthöft (Eastern sub-Alpine region)
Lieutenant-General Joachim Witthöft
* 188th Mountain Division (Major-General Hans von HöÃÂlin)
* 278th Infantry Division (elements) (Major-General Harry Hoppe)
Corps Kübler (Adriatic coastal region)
Lieutenant-General Ludwig Kübler
* 278th Infantry Division (most of) (Major-General Harry Hoppe)
References
Sources
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