ÃÂmer Seyfettin (11 March 1884, Gönen â 6 March 1920, Istanbul), was a Turkish writer from the late 19th to early 20th century, considered to be one of the greatest modern Turkish authors. His work is much praised for simplifying the Turkish language from the Persian and Arabic words and phrases that were common at the time.
ÃÂmer Seyfettin was born in Gönen, a town in Balñkesir Province, in 1884. The son of a military official, he spent his early life travelling around the coast of Marmara Sea. He also began a military career and graduated from the Military Academy (Harp Okulu) in 1903. He was assigned as a Lieutenant and posted to the Western Border units of the Ottoman Empire Army, including Kuà Âadasñ. It was in ðzmir where he became familiar with writing. In 1909, he served as an officer of the Hareket Ordusu (Action Army) which suppressed the Istanbul Irtica uprising, the religious groups opposing the newly formed constitutional monarchy in Istanbul. Promoted to First Lieutenant, Seyfettin was posted as an instructor in a military school in ðzmir. This position was an opportunity for Seyfettin to improve his French and interact with like-minded writers.
In 1911, ÃÂmer Seyfettin cofounded a literary and cultural magazine entitled Genç Kalemler (Young Pens) with Ziya Gokalp and Ali Canip in Salonica. He was also close friends with Baha Tevfik. Seyfettin began the early efforts in using colloquial Turkish in his literary output as opposed to Ottoman Turkish, as he outlined to Ali Canip in a letter. He was recalled to the army under mobilization orders at the beginning of the Balkan War and after his units were defeated in Yanina in January 1913, he spent approximately 12 months in Greece as a prisoner of war. After his release from captivity at the end of 1913, he returned to Constantinople, and was nominated the executive editor of the Türk Sözü, a publication which was associated with the ruling Committee for Union and Progress. In 1914, after leaving the army for the second time, ÃÂmer Seyfettin became a literature teacher in an Istanbul high school. He became, also in 1914, the chief author (baà Âyazar) of the magazine Türk Yurdu. Between the years 1914 and 1917 he mainly wrote turanist poems, which were published in outlets such as Tanin, Türk Yurdu or Halka DoÃÂru. In 1917 he published most of his literary work, which included a wide array of short stories. From 1919 to 1920 he published articles in Büyük Mecmua, which was a supporter of the Turkish independence war. He died of diabetes in 1920, at the age of 36.