Olearia, most commonly known as daisy-bush, is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Asteraceae, the largest of the flowering plant families in the world. Olearia are found in Australia, New Guinea and New Zealand. The genus includes herbaceous plants, shrubs and small trees. The latter are unusual among the Asteraceae and are called tree daisies in New Zealand. All bear the familiar daisy-like composite flowerheads in white, pink, mauve or purple.
Description
Plants in the genus Olearia are shrubs of varying sizes, characterised by a composite flower head arrangement with single-row ray florets enclosed by small overlapping bracts arranged in rows. The flower petals are more or less equal in length. The centre of the bi-sexual floret is disc shaped and may be white, yellowish or purplish, generally with 5 lobes. Flower heads may be single or clusters in leaf axils or at the apex of branchlets. Leaves may be smooth, glandular or with a sticky secretion. The leaves may grow opposite, alternate, arranged sparsely or clustered. Leaf margins either entire or lobed, with or without a stalk. The fruit are dry slightly compressed, one-seeded, narrow-elliptic or egg-shaped with longitudinal ridges and smooth or with sparse hairs.
Taxonomy and naming
The genus Olearia was first described in 1802 by Conrad Moench in Supplementum ad Methodum Plantas and is named after Johann Gottfried Olearius, a 17th-century German scholar and author of Specimen Florae Hallensis. Originally a large genus, a molecular study has found it to be polyphyletic.
In 2020 Guy L. Nesom named ten new genera âÂÂàEphedrides, Eoglandula (later synonymised with the revived Spongotrichum), Landerolaria, Linealia, Muellerolaria, Neolaria, Phaseolaster, Vicinia, Walsholaria, and Wollemiaster â in which to place the 29 paraphyletic species previously in Olearia.
Distribution
As of March 2026 Plants of the World Online accepts 135 species of Olearia in Australia, New Guinea, and New Zealand. PlantNET accepts approximately 180 species, of which about 130 species are endemic to Australia. Olearia are found in all states of Australia.
Species
The following is a list of Olearia species accepted by the Plants of the World Online as of March 2026, Australian Plant Census or the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network or listed in the Census of Vascular Plants of Papua New Guinea as at May 2021:
- Olearia adenocarpa <small>Molloy</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia adenolasia <small>(F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth.</small> â woolly-glandular daisy-bush (W.A.)
- Olearia adenophora (Vic.)
- Olearia adpressa (W.A.)
- Olearia aglossa <small>(Betche & Maiden) Lander</small> (N.S.W., Vic.)
- Olearia algida <small>N.A.Wakef.</small> â alpine daisy-bush (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic. Tas.)
- Olearia allomii <small>Kirk</small> â Great Barrier tree daisy (N.Z.)
- Olearia alpicola <small>F.Muell. ex Benth.</small> â alpine daisy-bush (N.S.W., Vic.)
- Olearia angulata <small>(Kirk) Allan</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia archeri <small>Lander</small> (Tas.)
- Olearia arguta <small>Benth.</small> (W.A., N.T., Qld.)
- Olearia arguta <small>Benth.</small> var. arguta (W.A., N.T.)
- Olearia arguta var. lanata <small>Benth.</small> (W.A., N.T., Qld.)
- Olearia arida <small>E.Pritz.</small> (W.A., S.A., N.T.)
- Olearia asterotricha <small>(F.Muell.) Benth.</small> â rough daisy-bush (N.S.W., Vic.)
- Olearia astroloba <small>Lander & N.G.Walsh</small> â marble daisy-bush (Vic.)
- Olearia axillaris <small>(DC.) F.Muell. ex Benth.</small> â coast daisy-bush (W.A., S.A., N.S.W., Vic., Tas.)
- Olearia ballii <small>(F.Muell.) Hemsl.</small> â mountain daisy (Lord Howe Island)
- Olearia boorabbinensis (W.A.)
- Olearia brachyphylla <small>(F.Muell. ex Sond.) N.A.Wakef.</small> (W.A., S.A.)
- Olearia brevipedunculata <small>N.G.Walsh</small> (N.S.W., Vic.)
- Olearia buchananii (North Island of N.Z.)
- Olearia bullata <small>H.D.Wilson & Garn.-Jones</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia burgessii <small>Lander</small> (N.S.W.)
- Olearia canescens <small>(Benth.) Hutch.</small> (N.S.W., Qld.)
- Olearia capillaris (N.Z.)
- Olearia cassiniae <small>(F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth.</small> (W.A.)
- Olearia cheesmanii <small>Cockayne & Allan</small> â streamside tree daisy (N.Z.)
- Olearia cinerea (New Guinea)
- Olearia clemensiae (New Guinea)
- Olearia colensoi <small>Hook.f.</small> â tupare, leatherwood (N.Z.)
- Olearia coriacea <small>Kirk</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia covenyi <small>Lander</small> (N.S.W.)
- Olearia crebra <small>E.K.Cameron & Heenan</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia crenifingens (New Guinea)
- Olearia crosby-smithiana <small>Petrie</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia curticoma <small>N.G.Walsh</small> (Vic.)
- Olearia cymbifolia <small>(Hook.f.) Cheeseman</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia decurrens <small>(DC.) Benth.</small> â clammy daisy-bush (W.A., S.A., N.S.W., Vic.)
- Olearia dibrachiata â Western New Guinea
- Olearia durifolia <small>J.Kost.</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia elaeophila <small>(A.Cunn. ex DC.) F.Muell. ex Benth.</small> (W.A.)
- Olearia ericoides <small>(Steetz) N.A.Wakef.</small> (Tas.)
- Olearia excorticata (northwestern South Island N.Z.)
- Olearia exiguifolia <small>(F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth.</small> (W.A., S.A.)
- Olearia exilis (New Guinea)
- Olearia fimbriata <small>Heads </small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia floccosa <small>J.Kost.</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia floribunda <small>(Hook.f.) Benth.</small> â heath daisy-bush (N.S.W., Vic., S.A.)
- Olearia fluvialis <small>Lander</small> (W.A.)
- Olearia fragrantissima <small>Petrie</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia frostii <small>(F.Muell.) J.H.Willis</small> â Bogong daisy-bush (Vic.)
- Olearia gardneri <small>Heads</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia glutinosa <small>(Lindl.) Benth.</small> â sticky daisy-bush (S.A., Vic. Tas.)
- Olearia grandiflora <small>Hook.</small> â Mount Lofty daisy-bush (S.A.)
- Olearia gravis <small>(F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth.</small> (Qld., N.S.W.)
- Olearia àhaastii âÂÂàO. avicenniifolia àO. moschata (South Island N.Z.)
- Olearia hectorii <small>Hook.f.</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia heloderma (N.S.W.)
- Olearia heterocarpa <small>S.T.Blake</small> â Nightcap daisy bush (Qld., N.S.W.)
- Olearia heterolepis <small>Mattf.</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia heterotricha <small>Mattf.</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia homolepis <small>(F.Muell.) Benth.</small> (W.A.)
- Olearia hooglandii <small>J.Kost.</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia hookeri <small>(Sond.) Benth.</small> (Tas.)
- Olearia hygrophila <small>(DC.) Benth.</small> (Qld.)
- Olearia ilicifolia <small>Hook.f.</small> â mountain holly (N.Z.)
- Olearia imbricata <small>(Turcz.) Benth.</small> â imbricate daisy bush (W.A.)
- Olearia incana <small>(D.A.Cooke) Lander</small> (W.A., S.A., Vic., N.S.W.)
- Olearia incondita <small>Lander</small> (W.A.)
- Olearia iodochroa <small>(F.Muell.) Benth.</small> â violet daisy-bush (N.S.W., Vic.)
- Olearia kernotii <small>F.Muell.</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia lacunosa <small>Buchanan</small> â lancewood tree daisy (N.Z.)
- Olearia lanata <small>J.Kost</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia lanuginosa <small>(J.H.Willis) N.A.Wakef.</small> â woolly daisy bush (W.A., S.A., Vic.)
- Olearia lasiophylla <small>Lander</small> (N.S.W.)
- Olearia laxiflora <small>Kirk</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia lehmanniana <small>(Steetz) Lander</small> (W.A.)
- Olearia lepidophylla <small>(Pers.) Benth.</small> â club-moss daisy-bush (W.A., S.A., N.S.W., Vic., Tas.)
- Olearia lepidota <small>Mattf.</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia leptocephala <small>J.Kost</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia lineata <small>(Kirk) Cockayne</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia lirata <small>(Sims) Hutch.</small> â snowy daisy-bush (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.)
- Olearia àmacrodonta âÂÂàO. arborescens àO. ilicifolia (N.Z.)
- Olearia àmatthewsii âÂÂàO. ilicifolia àO. moschata (South Island N.Z.)
- Olearia megalophylla <small>(F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth.</small> â large-leaf daisy-bush (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic.)
- Olearia microdisca <small>J.M.Black</small> (S.A.)
- Olearia microphylla <small>(Vent.) Maiden & Betche </small> â small-leaf daisy-bush (Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T.)
- Olearia minor <small>(Benth.) Lander </small> (N.S.W., Vic., S.A., W.A.)
- Olearia àmollis âÂÂàOlearia ilicifolia àO. lacunosa (N.Z.)
- Olearia montana <small>Lander </small> (N.S.W.)
- Olearia monticola <small>F.M.Bailey</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia mooneyi <small>(F.Muell.) Hemsl.</small> (L.H.I)
- Olearia moschata <small>Hook.f.</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia muricata <small>(Steetz) Benth.</small> â rough-leaved daisy bush (W.A.)
- Olearia nernstii <small> (F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth.</small> (Qld., N.S.W.)
- Olearia obovata (New Guinea)
- Olearia occidentissima <small>Lander</small> (W.A.)
- Olearia odorata <small>Petrie</small> â scented tree daisy (N.Z.)
- Olearia oleifolia (South Island N.Z.)
- Olearia oliganthema <small>F.Muell. ex Benth.</small> (N.S.W.)
- Olearia oppositifolia <small>(F.Muell.) Lander</small> (Qld., N.S.W.)
- Olearia pachycephala <small>J.Kost</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia pachyphylla <small>Cheeseman</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia pallida <small>J.Kost</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia pannosa <small>Hook.</small> â velvet daisy-bush (S.A., Vic.)
- Olearia passerinoides <small>(Turcz.) Benth.</small> (W.A., S.A., N.S.W., Vic.)
- Olearia paucidentata <small>(Steetz.) F.Muell. ex Benth.</small> (W.A.)
- Olearia phlogopappa <small>(Labill.) DC.</small> â dusty daisy-bush, alpine daisy-bush (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.)
- Olearia pimeleoides <small>(DC.) Benth.</small> â pimelea daisy-bush (W.A., S.A., Qld., N.S.W., Vic.)
- Olearia platyphylla <small>Mattf.</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia plucheacea <small>Lander</small> (W.A.)
- Olearia polita <small>H.D.Wilson & Garn.-Jones</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia propinqua (W.A.)
- Olearia quercifolia <small>Sieber ex DC.</small> â oak-leaved daisy-bush (N.S.W.)
- Olearia quinquevulnera <small>Heenan</small> (N.Z.)
- Olearia racemosa <small>Domin</small> âÂÂàUnplaced (Qld.)
- Olearia ramosissima <small>(DC.) Benth.</small> (W.A., Qld., N.S.W.)
- Olearia ramulosa <small>(Labill.) Benth.</small> â twiggy daisy-bush (S.A., Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.)
- Olearia rani <small> (A.Cunn.) Druce</small> â heketara (N.Z.)
- Olearia revoluta <small>Benth.</small> (W.A.)
- Olearia rufa <small>J.Kost</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia rugosa <small>(F.Muell. ex W.Archer bis) Hutch.</small> â wrinkled daisy-bush (N.S.W., Vic., Tas.)
- Olearia sarawaketensis (New Guinea)
- Olearia speciosa <small>Hutch.</small> (Vic.)
- Olearia spectabilis <small>J.Kost</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia stellulata <small>(Labill.) DC.</small> (Vic., Tas.)
- Olearia stenophylla <small>N.G.Walsh</small> (N.S.W.)
- Olearia stilwelliae <small>Blakely</small> (N.S.W.)
- Olearia stricta (Vic.)
- Olearia strigosa <small>(Steetz) Benth.</small> â bristly daisy bush (W.A.)
- Olearia suavis (South Island N.Z.)
- Olearia subspicata <small>(Hook.) Benth.</small> (W.A., N.T., S.A., Qld., N.S.W., Vic.)
- Olearia tasmanica <small>W.M.Curtis</small> (Tas.)
- Olearia telmatica <small>Heenan & de Lange</small> â shell akeake, swamp akeake (N.Z.)
- Olearia tenuifolia <small>(DC.) Benth.</small> â thin-leaf daisy-bush (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic.)
- Olearia teretifolia <small>(Sond.) Benth.</small> â cypress daisy-bush (S.A., Vic.)
- Olearia tomentosa <small>(J.C.Wendl.) Benth.</small> â toothed daisy-bush (N.S.W., Vic.)
- Olearia traversiorum <small>(F.Muell.) Hook.f.</small> â hakapiri, Chatham Island akeake (N.Z.)
- Olearia tubuliflora <small>(Sond. & F.Muell. ex Sond.) Benth.</small> (S.A., Vic.)
- Olearia velutina <small>J.Kost</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia vernonioides <small>C.T.White & Francis</small> (P.N.G.)
- Olearia viscidula <small>(F.Muell.) Benth.</small> â viscid daisy-bush (N.S.W.)
Formerly placed here
- Ephedrides trifurcata (aÃÂ Olearia trifurcata <small>Lander</small>)
- Landerolaria arckaringensis â Arckaringensis daisy (S.A.) (as Olearia arckaringensis <small>P.J.Lang</small>)
- Landerolaria eremaea (W.A.) (as Olearia eremaea <small>Lander</small>)
- Landerolaria gordonii (Qld.) (as Olearia gordonii <small>Lander</small>)
- Landerolaria humilis (W.A.) (as Olearia humilis <small>Lander</small>)
- Landerolaria laciniifolia (W.A.) (as Olearia laciniifolia <small>Lander</small>)
- Landerolaria macdonnellensis (N.T.) (as Olearia macdonnellensis <small>D.A.Cooke</small>)
- Landerolaria newbeyi (W.A.) (as Olearia newbeyi <small>Lander</small>)
- Landerolaria orientalis (Qld.) (as Olearia orientalis <small>A.R.Bean & Jobson</small>)
- Landerolaria stuartii (W.A., N.T., S.A., Qld.) (as Olearia stuartii <small>(F.Muell.) Benth.</small>)
- Landerolaria xerophila (W.A., Qld.) (as Olearia xerophila <small>(F.Muell.) Benth.</small>)
- Linealia flocktoniae (as Olearia flocktoniae <small>Maiden & Betche</small>)
- Macrolearia angustifolia â teteaweka (N.Z.) (as Olearia angustifolia <small>Hook.f.</small>)
- Macrolearia chathamica (N.Z.) (as Olearia chathamica <small>Kirk</small>)
- Macrolearia lyallii â subantarctic tree daisy (N.Z.) (as Olearia lyallii <small>Hook.f.</small>)
- Macrolearia oporina (N.Z.) (as Olearia oporina <small>(G.Forst.) Hook.f.</small>)
- Muellerolaria picridifolia (W.A., S.A., Vic.) (as Olearia picridifolia <small>(F.Muell.) Benth.</small>)
- Muellerolaria rudis (S.A., N.S.W., Vic.) (as Olearia rudis <small>(Benth.) F.Muell. ex Benth.</small>)
- Neolaria ferresii (W.A., N.T., S.A., Qld.) (as Olearia ferresii <small>(F.Muell.) Benth.</small>)
- Neolaria mucronata (W.A.) (as Olearia mucronata <small>Lander </small>)
- Phaseolaster elliptica â sticky daisy-bush (Qld., N.S.W.) (as Olearia elliptica <small>DC.</small>)
- Shawia albida â tanguru (N.Z.) (as Olearia albida <small>(Hook.f.) Hook.f.</small>)
- Shawia arborescens â common tree daisy, glossy tree daisy (N.Z.) (as Olearia arborescens <small>(G.Forst.) Cockayne & Laing</small>)
- Shawia argophylla â musk daisy-bush, native musk, silver shrub (N.S.W., Vic.) (as Olearia argophylla <small>(Labill.) F.Muell. ex Benth.</small>)
- Shawia avicenniifolia âÂÂàakeake (N.Z.) (as Olearia avicenniifolia <small>(Raoul) Hook.f.</small>)
- Shawia chrysophylla (N.S.W., Qld.) (as Olearia chrysophylla <small> (DC.) Benth.</small>)
- Shawia cydoniifolia (Qld., N.S.W.) (as Olearia cydoniifolia <small>(DC.) Benth.</small>)
- Shawia erubescens â pink-tip daisy-bush, moth daisy-bush (S.A., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.) (as Olearia erubescens <small>(Sieber ex Spreng.) Dippel</small>)
- Shawia furfuracea â akepiro or Coromandel tree daisy (N.Z.) (as Olearia furfuracea <small>(A.Rich.) Hook.f.</small> or O. townsonii <small>Cheeseman</small>)
- Shawia ledifolia â rock daisy bush (Tas.) (as Olearia ledifolia <small>(DC.) Benth.</small>)
- Shawia myrsinoides â blush daisy-bush, silky daisy-bush (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.) (as Olearia myrsinoides <small>(Labill.) F.Muell. ex Benth.</small>)
- Shawia nummulariifolia (N.Z.) (as Olearia nummulariifolia <small>(Hook.f.) Hook.f.</small>)
- Shawia obcordata (Tas.) (as Olearia obcordata <small>(Hook.f.) Benth.</small>)
- Shawia paniculata â akiraho (N.Z.) (as Olearia paniculata <small>(J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Druce</small>)
- Shawia persoonioides (Tas.) (as Olearia persoonioides <small>(DC.) Benth.</small>)
- Shawia pinifolia (Tas.) (as Olearia pinifolia <small>(Hook.f.) Benth.</small>)
- Shawia rosmarinifolia (Qld., N.S.W.) (as Olearia rosmarinifolia <small>(DC.) Benth.</small>)
- Shawia solandri â coastal tree daisy (N.Z.) (as Olearia solandri <small>(Hook.f.) Hook.f.</small>)
- Shawia virgata (N.Z.) (as Olearia virgata <small>(Hook.f.) Hook.f.</small>)
- Shawia viscosa â sticky daisy-bush (Vic., Tas.) (as Olearia viscosa <small>(Labill.) Benth.</small>)
- Spongotrichum glandulosum â swamp daisy-bush (S.A., Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.) (as Olearia glandulosa <small>(Labill.) Benth.</small>)
- Spongotrichum suffruticosum â clustered daisy-bush (S.A., N.S.W., Vic.) (as Olearia suffruticosa <small>D.A.Cooke</small>)
- Vicinia ciliata â fringed daisy-bush (W.A., S.A., Vic., Tas.) (as Olearia ciliata <small>(Benth.) F.Muell. ex Benth.</small>)
- Walsholaria calcarea â limestone daisy bush (W.A., S.A., Vic., N.S.W.) (as Olearia calcarea <small>F.Muell. ex Benth.</small>)
- Walsholaria cuneifolia (Qld.) (as Olearia cuneifolia <small>A.R.Bean & M.T.Mathieson</small>)
- Walsholaria magniflora â splendid daisy-bush (W.A., S.A., N.S.W., Vic.) (as Olearia magniflora <small>(F.Muell.) Benth.</small>)
- Walsholaria muelleri â Goldfields daisy, Mueller's daisy bush (W.A., S.A., Vic., N.S.W.) (as Olearia muelleri <small>(Sond.) Benth.</small>)
- Wollemiaster cordatus (as Olearia cordata <small>Lander</small>)
Use in horticulture
Several species are cultivated as ornamental garden plants, and there are hybrids of uncertain or mixed parentage. Among these, the following have been given the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-
- Olearia macrodonta, New Zealand holly
- Olearia ÃÂ mollis 'Zennorensis', daisy bush 'Zennorensis'
- Olearia ÃÂ scilloniensis
- Olearia ÃÂ scilloniensis 'Master Michael'
They are generally hardy down to , but require a sheltered spot in full sun.
References