Odontopleura is a genus of spinose odontopleurid trilobite in the family Odontopleuridae, and is the type genus of that family and of Odontopleurida. The various species are found in Upper Ordovician to Middle Devonian marine strata throughout the world. The best studied fossils are of the type species, O. ovata, from the Wenlock-aged Liteà  Formation in LodÃÂnice, in Bohemia, Czech Republic, and, southeastern Gotland, of Sweden.
Fossils of Odontopleura have been found in:
China, Floresta Formation, Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Colombia
Canada (Northwest Territories, Quebec), China, the Czech Republic, Poland, United States (Iowa, New York)
United States (Indiana, Ohio, Virginia)