Noctua microrrhoea is a species of moth in the family Erebidae. The species is found in Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, and Queensland).
There is no widely accepted taxonomic placement for this species. Noctua microrrhoea is the original name proposed by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775 and used by the Global Lepidoptera Index. While the Australian Faunal Directory treats its genus as uncertain but within Erebinae, other sources place it in Thyas or in Dermaleipa.
Noctua microrrhoea is a large moth with a wingspan about . The forewings are dorsally brown. The hindwings are dorsally bright orange with broad black margins and a large black spot in the middle. The abdomen is orange. The larvae feed on Terminalia ferdinandiana.