Dr. Kwame Nkrumah was the first Prime Minister and first President of Ghana. Nkrumah had run governments under the supervision of the British government through Charles Arden-Clarke, the Governor-General. His first government under colonial rule started from 21 March 1952 until independence. His first independent government took office on 6 March 1957. From 1 July 1960, Ghana became a republic and Nkrumah became the first president of Ghana.
In February 1966, his government was overthrown by the National Liberation Council military coup.
Ghana became a republic on 1 July 1960. A referendum in February 1964 on Ghana becoming a one-party state resulted in a landslide victory for the Kwame Nkrumah and the CPP government. There were hardly any votes against the one-party state in all the regions. A year later in June 1965, all 198 candidates of the CPP for parliament were elected unopposed. In February 1965, Nkrumah reshuffled made a big change to his government. Twelve new ministers were appointed and many others changed portfolios.