New Mexico's 1st congressional district of the United States House of Representatives serves the central area of New Mexico, including most of Bernalillo County, all of Torrance County, and parts of Sandoval, Santa Fe, and Valencia counties. It includes almost three-fourths of Albuquerque. The district has a notable Native American presence, encompassing several pueblos, including the Pueblo of Laguna and Sandia Pueblo, and the Tohajiilee Navajo Reservation outside Albuquerque. The seat is currently represented by Democrat Melanie Stansbury. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of D+7, it is the most Democratic district in New Mexico, a state with an all-Democratic congressional delegation.
Unlike other districts in the state, in recent years this district has had a strong track record of its representatives ascending to higher office. Deb Haaland, Stansbury's predecessor, resigned in 2021 to become the United States Secretary of the Interior. Her predecessor, Michelle Lujan Grisham, took office as governor of New Mexico in 2019. Grisham's own predecessor, Martin Heinrich, was elected to the United States Senate in 2012.
Until the 1968 elections, New Mexico's representatives were all elected at-large statewide. Starting in 1969, however, they were elected by districts.
For the 118th and successive Congresses (based on redistricting following the 2020 census), the district contains all or portions of the following counties and communities:
Bernalillo County (18)
Chaves County (1)
De Baca County (2)
Guadalupe County (7)
Lincoln County (6)
Otero County (0)
Sandoval County (8)
Santa Fe County (5)
Torrance County (14)
Valencia County (12)