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Nassarius

Nassarius, common name nassa mud snails (USA) or dog whelks (UK), is a genus of minute to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Nassariidae. They are scavengers.

Etymology

The name is derived from the Latin word "nassa", meaning a wickerbasket with a narrow neck, for catching fish. Nassarius would then mean "someone who uses such a wickerbasket for catching fish".

Ecology

Distribution and habitat

Species within this genus are found worldwide. These snails usually live on mud flats or sand flats, intertidally or subtidally.

Life habits

Most Nassarius species are very active scavengers, feeding on crabs and carrion as dead fish, etc. They often burrow into marine substrates and then wait with only their siphon protruding, until they smell nearby food.

Shell description

The shells of species in this genus have a relatively high cyrtoconoid (approaching a conical shape but with convex sides) spire and a siphonal notch.

(Described as Aciculina) The shell is turreted, polished, smooth or longitudinally plicate. The inner lip shows the callus sharp, straight, defined. The outer lip is produced in the middle, variced externally.

(Described as Nassa) The eyes are situated on the middle of the tentacles. The lingual teeth are arched and pectinated. The uncini show a basal tooth. The foot is large, expanded and bifurcate at its posterior extremity.

The operculum is ovate, the margin serrated or entire.

The shell is ovate and ventricose. The body whorl is variously sculptured. The aperture is ovate, with a short reflected truncated anterior canal. The inner lip is smooth, often widely spread over with enamel, with a posterior callosity or blunt dentiform plait. The outer lip is dentated, internally crenulated.

Anatomy

The animal has a long siphon.

Human use

Archeology

Several beads made from Nassarius gibbosulus shells are thought to be the earliest known forms of personal adornment, or even jewelry. Two shell beads found in Skhul Cave on the slopes of Mount Carmel, Israel, are thought to be 100,000 years old, whilst another found at Oued Djebbana, Algeria, is believed to be 90,000 years old. A further group of pierced shells, some with red ochre, has been recovered from the Aterian levels at the Taforalt site in Morocco; these Nassarius gibbosulus beads have been securely dated to about 82,000 years ago.

All these examples predate several 75,000-year-old Nassarius kraussianus beads which were found at Blombos Cave, South Africa (including some colored with red ochre). These beads had previously been thought to be the oldest examples of jewelry.

From A.D. 1130 to 1275, shell beads were manufactured by the inhabitants of the Exhausted Cave near the Clear Creek Ruins. A Southern Sinagua site in Verde Valley, Arizona where "shell played a major role in the economic system of this culture."

Modern uses

Nassarius vibex is a species which is often selected for marine aquaria. It is often confused with Nassarius obsoletus, a cooler water snail less suited to tropical marine aquarium temperatures. In aquaria, the Nassarius is considered nearly indispensable for keeping sand beds clean and healthy, as these snails tend to burrow and plow through the upper layer in a conch-like fashion, keeping algae and detritus from building up visibly on the surface.

The shells of various species of Nassarius are popular with shell collectors, and are sometimes used in jewelry and other forms of decoration.

Taxonomy

The genus Nassarius has traditionally been subdivided into several subgenera, based on differences in shell morphology, especially the sculpture: Aciculina, Alectrion, Allanassa, Nassodonta, Niotha, Plicarcularia, Profundinassa, Pygmaeonassa, Telasco, and Zeuxis. However, this division is difficult to define, resulting in much confusion. Even phylogenetic analysis shows that the division into these subgenera appears to be uncertain and unreliable. There seem to be two groups within the genus Nassarius with the closest relationship between the subgenera Zeuxis and Telasco. Even the species within the subgenus Plicarcularia do not belong to a single clade. In the end, the molecular phylogeny did not match the previous morphological phylogeny.

Gallery

Species

In the course of time, more than 1,000 names have been allocated to species in the genus Nassarius, most of which have become synonyms.

The following species are accepted names according to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS):

Synonyms

  • Nassarius angulicostis <small>(Pilsbry and Lowe, 1932)</small>: synonym of Nassarius nodicinctus <small>(A. Adams, 1852)</small>
  • Nassarius antillarum <small>(d'Orbigny, 1847)</small> - Antilles nassa: synonym of Phrontis antillara <small>(d'Orbigny, 1847)</small>
  • Nassarius antiquatus <small>(Watson, 1897)</small>: synonym of Nassarius recidivus <small>(Martens, 1876)</small>
  • Nassarius balteatus <small>(Pease, 1869)</small>: synonym of Reticunassa balteata <small>(Pease, 1869)</small>
  • Nassarius brychius <small>(Watson, 1822)</small>: synonym of Nassarius frigens <small>(E. von Martens, 1878)</small>: synonym of Tritia frigens <small>(E. von Martens, 1878)</small>
  • Nassarius burchardi <small>(Dunker in Philippi, 1849)</small>: synonym of Tritia burchardi <small>(Philippi, 1849)</small>
  • Nassarius caboverdensis <small>(Rolán, 1984)</small>: synonym of Tritia caboverdensis <small>(Rolán, 1984)</small>
  • † Nassarius cabrierensis <small>(Fontannes, 1878)</small>: synonym of † Nassarius striatulus <small>(Eichwald, 1829)</small>
  • Nassarius candidissimus <small>(C. B. Adams, 1845)</small>: synonym of Phrontis candidissima <small>(C. B. Adams, 1845)</small>
  • Nassarius cockburnensis <small>Kool & Dekker, 2006</small>: synonym of Reticunassa cockburnensis <small>(Kool & Dekker, 2006)</small> (original combination)
  • Nassarius compactus <small>(Angas, 1865)</small>: synonym of Reticunassa compacta <small>(Angas, 1865)</small>
  • Nassarius complanatus <small>(Powys, 1835)</small>: synonym of Phrontis complanata <small>(Powys, 1835)</small>
  • Nassarius conspersus <small>(Philippi, 1848)</small>: synonym of Tritia conspersa <small>(Philippi, 1849)</small>
  • Nassarius coralligenus <small>(Pallary, 1900)</small>: synonym of Tritia coralligena <small>(Pallary, 1900)</small>
  • Nassarius corniculum <small>(Olivi, 1792)</small>: synonym of Tritia corniculum <small>(Olivi, 1792)</small>
  • Nassarius corpulentus <small>(C.B. Adams, 1852)</small>: synonym of Nassarius nassiformis <small>(Lesson, 1842)</small>: synonym of Phrontis nassiformis <small>(Lesson, 1842)</small>
  • Nassarius costellifera <small>A. Adams</small>: synonym of Nassarius margaritifer <small>(Dunker, 1847)</small>
  • Nassarius crenulicostatus <small>(Shuto, 1969)</small>: synonym of Reticunassa crenulicostata <small>(Shuto, 1969)</small>
  • Nassarius crossei <small>(Maltzan, 1884)</small>: synonym of Nassarius dakarensis <small>(Fischer-Piette & Nicklès, 1946)</small>
  • Nassarius cussottii <small>Bozzetti, 2006</small>: synonym of Nassarius irus <small>(Martens, 1880)</small>
  • Nassarius cuvierii <small>(Payraudeau, 1826)</small>: synonym of Tritia cuvierii <small>(Payraudeau, 1826)</small>
  • Nassarius denticulatus <small>(A. Adams, 1852)</small>: synonym of Tritia denticulata <small>(A. Adams, 1852)</small>
  • Nassarius elegans <small>Kiener, 1834</small>: synonym of Nassarius crassiusculus <small>(Nyst, 1845)</small>
  • Nassarius elatus <small>(Gould, 1845)</small>: synonym of Tritia elata <small>(Gould, 1845)</small>
  • Nassarius ephamillus <small>(Watson, 1882)</small>: synonym of Tritia ephamilla <small>(Watson, 1882)</small>
  • Nassarius erythraeus <small>(Issel, 1869)</small>: synonym of Reticunassa erythraea <small>(Issel, 1869)</small>
  • Nassarius festivus <small>(Powys, 1835)</small>: synonym of Reticunassa festiva <small>(Powys, 1835)</small>
  • Nassarius fischeri <small>Dautzenberg</small>: synonym of Nassarius fuscescens <small>(Dautzenberg, 1912)</small>
  • Nassarius frigens <small>(Martens, 1878)</small>: synonym of Tritia frigens <small>(Martens, 1878)</small>
  • Nassarius gemmulatus <small>(Lamarck, 1822)</small>: synonym of Nassarius conoidalis <small>(Deshayes in Belanger, 1832)</small>
  • Nassarius gibbosulus <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>: synonym of Tritia gibbosula <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>
  • Nassarius glabratus <small>(G.B. Sowerby II, 1842)</small>: synonym of Naytia glabrata <small>(G. B. Sowerby II, 1842)</small>
  • Nassarius goreensis <small>(Von Maltzan, 1884)</small>: synonym of Tritia goreensis <small>(Maltzan, 1884)</small>
  • Nassarius graniferus <small>Kiener, 1834</small>: synonym of Nassarius granifer <small>Kiener, 1834</small>
  • Nassarius granuliferus <small>(Kiener, 1834)</small>: synonym of Nassarius granifer <small>Kiener, 1834</small>
  • Nassarius granum <small>(Lamarck, 1822)</small>: synonym of Tritia grana <small>(Lamarck, 1822)</small>
  • Nassarius hanraveni <small>Kool & Dekker, 2006</small>: synonym of Reticunassa hanraveni <small>(Kool & Dekker, 2006)</small>
  • Nassarius heynemanni <small>(Von Maltzan, 1884)</small>: synonym of Tritia heynemanni <small>(Maltzan, 1884)</small>
  • Nassarius hotessieri <small>(d'Orbigny, 1843)</small>: synonym of Phrontis hotessieriana <small>(d'Orbigny, 1842)</small>
  • Nassarius hotessierianus <small>(d'Orbigny, 1842)</small> - miniature nassa: synonym of Phrontis hotessieriana <small>(d'Orbigny, 1842)</small>
  • Nassarius incrassatus <small>(Stroem, 1768)</small>: synonym of Tritia incrassata <small>(Strøm, 1768)</small>
  • Nassarius insignis <small>(H. Adams, 1867)</small>: synonym of Nassodonta insignis <small>H. Adams, 1867</small>
  • Nassarius jeanmartini <small>Kool & Dekker, 2006</small>: synonym of Reticunassa jeanmartini <small>(Kool & Dekker, 2006)</small>
  • Nassarius johni <small>(Monterosato, 1889)</small>: synonym of Naytia johni <small>(Monterosato, 1889)</small>
  • Nassarius karinae <small>(Usticke, 1971)</small>: synonym of Phrontis karinae <small>(Nowell-Usticke, 1971)</small>
  • Nassarius kieneri <small>(Deshayes, 1863)</small>: synonym of Nassarius bourbonensis Kool, 2015
  • Nassarius lima <small>(Dillwyn, 1817)</small>: synonym of Tritia lima <small>(Dillwyn, 1817)</small>
  • Nassarius louisi <small>(Pallary, 1912)</small>: synonym of Tritia louisi <small>(Pallary, 1912)</small>
  • Nassarius luteostoma (<small>Broderip & Sowerby, 1829)</small>: synonym of Phrontis luteostoma <small>(Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829)</small>
  • Nassarius margaritifera <small>(Dunker, 1847)</small>: synonym of Nassarius margaritifer
  • Nassarius margaritiferus <small>(Dunker, 1847à)</small>: synonym of Nassarius margaritifer
  • Nassarius melanioides <small>(Reeve, 1853)</small>: synonym of Nassarius fuscus <small>(Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848)</small>
  • Nassarius miga <small>(Bruguière, 1789)</small>: synonym of Tritia miga <small>(Bruguière, 1789)</small>
  • Nassarius monilis <small>(Kiener, 1834)</small>: synonym of Nassarius distortus <small>(A. Adams, 1852)</small>
  • Nassarius mucronata: synonym of Nassarius gaudiosus <small>(Hinds, 1844)</small>
  • Nassarius mutabilis <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>: synonym of Tritia mutabilis <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>
  • Nassarius nanus <small>Nowell-Usticke, G.W., 1959:</small> synonym of Nassarius karinae <small>Nowell-Usticke, G.W., 1971</small>, synonym of Phrontis karinae <small>(Nowell-Usticke, 1971)</small>
  • Nassarius nigrolabra <small>(Verrill, 1880)</small>: synonym of Nassarius nigrolabrus <small>(Verrill, 1880)</small>
  • Nassarius nitidus <small>(Jeffreys, 1867)</small>: synonym of Tritia nitida <small>(Jeffreys, 1867)</small>
  • Nassarius nodifer <small>(Powys, 1835)</small>: synonym of Nassarius nodiferus <small>(Powys, 1835)</small>
  • Nassarius obliquus <small>Kiener</small>: synonym of Nassarius glabratus (G.B. Sowerby II, 1842), synonym of Naytia glabrata <small>(G. B. Sowerby II, 1842)</small>
  • Nassarius obsoletus <small>(Say, 1822)</small> - eastern mudsnail: synonym of Ilyanassa obsoleta <small>(Say, 1822)</small>: synonym of Tritia obsoleta <small>(Say, 1822)</small>
  • Nassarius ovoideus <small>(Locard, 1886)</small>: synonym of Tritia ovoidea <small>(Locard, 1886)</small>
  • Nassarius pagodus <small>(Reeve, 1844)</small>: synonym of Phrontis pagoda <small>(Reeve, 1844)</small>
  • Nassarius pauperus<small> (Gould, 1850)</small>: synonym of Reticunassa paupera <small>(Gould, 1850)</small>
  • Nassarius perpinguis <small>(Hinds, 1844)</small> - fat western nassa: synonym of Caesia perpinguis <small>(Hinds, 1844)</small>
  • Nassarius pfeifferi <small>(Philippi, 1844)</small>: synonym of Tritia pfeifferi <small>(Philippi, 1844)</small>
  • Nassarius plicatellus <small>Adams</small>: synonym of Nassarius niveus (<small>A. Adams, 1852)</small>
  • Nassarius polygonatus <small>(Lamarck, 1822)</small>: synonym of Phrontis polygonata <small>(Lamarck, 1822)</small>
  • Nassarius priscardi <small>Bozzetti, 2006</small>: synonym of Naytia priscardi <small>(Bozzetti, 2006)</small>
  • Nassarius pygmaeus <small>Lamarck, 1822</small>: synonym of Tritia pygmaea <small>(Lamarck, 1822)</small>
  • Nassarius recidivus <small>(Martens, 1876)</small>: synonym of Tritia recidiva <small>(von Martens, 1876)</small>
  • † Nassarius ridibundus <small>Lozouet, 1999</small>: synonym of † Tritia ridibunda <small>(Lozouet, 1999)</small>
  • Nassarius robustus <small>(Monterosato, 1890)</small>: synonym of Tritia lima <small>(Dillwyn, 1817)</small>
  • Nassarius rotundus <small>(Melvill & Standen, 1896)</small>: synonym of Reticunassa rotunda <small>(Melvill & Standen, 1896)</small>
  • Nassarius semiplicatoides <small>Zhang, Ai-Ju, You, Zhong-Jie, 2007</small>: synonym of Nassarius foveolatus <small>(Dunker, 1847)</small>
  • Nassarius sertulus <small>(A. Adams, 1852 in 1852–53)</small>: synonym of Nassarius haldemani <small>(Dunker, 1847)</small>
  • † Nassarius signatus <small>(Hörnes, 1852)</small>: synonym of † Nassarius signatodentis <small>Harzhauser & Cernohorsky, 2011</small>
  • Nassarius silvardi <small>Kool & Dekker, 2006</small>: synonym of Reticunassa silvardi <small>(Kool & Dekker, 2006)</small>
  • Nassarius simoni <small>Kool & Dekker, 2007</small>: synonym of Reticunassa simoni <small>(Kool & Dekker, 2007)</small>
  • Nassarius simplex <small>(E.A. Smith, 1880)</small>: synonym of Nassarius tango <small>F. Scarabino, 2004</small>
  • Nassarius skoogi <small>(Odhner, 1923)</small>: synonym of Adinassa skoogi <small>(Odhner, 1923)</small>
  • Nassarius smitsorum <small>Kool, 1990</small>: synonym of Nassarius quercinus <small>(Marrat, 1880)</small>
  • † Nassarius subincognitus <small>Lozouet, 1999</small>: synonym of † Tritia subincognita <small>(Lozouet, 1999)</small>
  • Nassarius suturalis<small>(Lamarck, 1822)</small>: synonym of Nassarius glans <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>
  • Nassarius taenius <small>(Gmelin, 1790)</small>: synonym of Nassarius olivaceus <small>(Bruguière, 1789)</small>
  • Nassarius tiarula <small>(Kiener, 1841)</small> - western mud nassa: synonym of Phrontis tiarula <small>(Kiener, 1841)</small>
  • Nassarius tinei <small>(Maravigna in Guérin, 1840)</small>: synonym of Tritia tinei <small>(Maravigna, 1840)</small>
  • Nassarius tingitanus<small> (Pallary, 1901)</small>: synonym of Tritia tingitana <small>(Pallary, 1901)</small>
  • Nassarius trifasciatus <small>Adams</small>: synonym of Nassarius vinctus <small>(Marrat, 1877)</small>
  • Nassarius trivittatus <small>(Say, 1822)</small> - threeline mudsnail: synonym of Tritia trivittata <small>(Say, 1822)</small>, synonym of Ilyanassa trivittata <small>(Say, 1822)</small>
  • Nassarius turulosus <small>(Risso, 1826)</small>: synonym of Tritia turulosa <small>(Risso, 1826)</small>
  • Nassarius unicolor <small>Kiener, L.C., 1834</small>: synonym of Nassarius dorsatus <small>(Röding, 1798)</small>
  • Nassarius unifasciatus <small>(Kiener, 1834)</small>: synonym of Tritia unifasciata <small>(Kiener, 1834)</small>
  • Nassarius versicolor <small>(C. B. Adams, 1852)</small>: synonym of Phrontis versicolor <small>(C. B. Adams, 1852)</small>
  • Nassarius vibex <small>(Say, 1822)</small> - bruised nassa: synonym of Phrontis vibex <small>(Say, 1822)</small>
  • Nassarius weyersi <small>Craven</small>: synonym of Nassarius pumilio <small>(E.A. Smith, 1872)</small>
  • Nassarius vaucheri <small>(Pallary, 1906)</small>: synonym of Tritia vaucheri <small>(Pallary, 1906)</small>
  • Nassarius zanzibarensis <small>Kool & Dekker, 2007</small>: synonym of Reticunassa zanzibarensis <small>(Kool & Dekker, 2007)</small>
  • Nassarius zonalis (A. Adams, 1852): synonym of Nassarius reeveanus (Dunker, 1847)

Synonymized subgenera

  • Nassarius (Aciculina) Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Alectryon) Berthold in Latreille, 1827: synonym of Nassarius (Alectrion) Montfort, 1810 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Allanassa) Iredale, 1929: synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Amycla) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Nassarius (Gussonea) Monterosato, 1912
  • Nassarius (Amyclina) Iredale, 1918: synonym of Nassarius (Gussonea) Monterosato, 1912
  • Nassarius (Arcularia) Link, 1807: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Arcularia) glabratus <small>(Sowerby, 1842)</small>: synonym of Nassarius glabratus (Sowerby, 1842)
  • Nassarius (Austronassaria) C. Laseron & J. Laseron, 1956: synonym of Nassarius (Plicarcularia) Thiele, 1929 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Bathynassa) Ladd, 1976: synonym of Nassarius (Zeuxis) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Caesia) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Cencus) Gistel, 1848: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Chelenassa) Shuto, 1969: synonym of Nassarius (Plicarcularia) Thiele, 1929 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Cryptonassarius) Watson, R.B., 1882: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Cyclocyrtia) Agassiz, 1848: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Cyclonassa) Swainson, 1840: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Cyclops) Montfort, 1810: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Demondia) Addicott, 1956: synonym of Nassarius (Caesia) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Eione) Risso, 1826: synonym of Nassarius (Plicarcularia) Thiele, 1929 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Fackia) Nordsieck, 1972: synonym of Nassarius (Gussonea) Monterosato, 1912
  • Nassarius (Glabrinassa) Shuto, 1969: synonym of Nassarius (Zeuxis) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Gussonea) Monterosato, 1912: synonym of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Hannonia) Pallary, 1914: synonym of Nassarius (Aciculina) Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Hima) Gray, 1852 ex Leach, ms.: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Hinia) Gray, 1847: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Miohinia) Nordsieck, 1972: synonym of Nassarius (Hinia) Gray, 1847 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Mirua) Marwick, 1931: synonym of Nassarius (Hima) Gray, 1852 ex Leach, ms. (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Nana) Schumacher, 1817: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Nanina) Risso, 1826: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Nanarius) Woodring, 1964: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Nannia) Philippi, 1844: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Nasseburna) de Gregorio, 1890: synonym of Nassarius (Sphaeronassa) Locard, 1886 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Nassodonta) H. Adams, 1867: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Nassarius) Duméril, 1805: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Naytia) H. Adams & A. Adams 1853: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Naytiopsis) Thiele, 1929: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Neritula) Herrmannsen, 1852: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Niotha) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Pallacera) Woodring, 1964: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Phrontis) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Panormella) Costa, 1840: synonym of Nassarius (Cyclope) Risso, 1826 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Paranassa) Conrad, 1867: synonym of Nassarius (Ilyanassa) Stimpson, 1865 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Parcanassa) Iredale, 1936: synonym of Nassarius (Plicarcularia) Thiele, 1929 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Plicarcularia) Thiele, 1929: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Profundinassa) Thiele, 1929: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Proneritula) Thiele, 1929: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Psilarius) Woodring, 1964: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Pygmaeonassa) Annadale, 1924: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Retiarcularia) Shuto, 1969: synonym of Nassarius (Plicarcularia) Thiele, 1929 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Reticunassa) Iredale, 1936: synonym of Nassarius (Hima) Gray, 1852 ex Leach, ms. alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Schizopyga) Conrad, 1856: synonym of Nassarius (Caesia) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Sphaeronassa) Locard, 1886: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Tarazeuxis) Iredale, 1936: synonym of Nassarius (Telasco) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Tavanothia) Iredale, 1936: synonym of Nassarius (Niotha) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Telasco) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Tritia) A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Nassarius (Hinia) Gray, 1847 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Tritonella) A. Adams, 1852: synonym of Nassarius (Hima) Gray, 1852 ex Leach, ms. (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Usita) Noszky, 1936: synonym of Nassarius (Uzita) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Uzita) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Venassa) Martens, 1881: synonym of Nassarius (Zeuxis) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Varicinassa) Habe, 1946: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805
  • Nassarius (Zaphon) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Nassarius (Caesia) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 (alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805)
  • Nassarius (Zeuxis) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: alternate representation of Nassarius Duméril, 1805

References

Further reading

  • Bernard, P.A. (Ed.) (1984). Coquillages du Gabon [Shells of Gabon]. Pierre A. Bernard: Libreville, Gabon. 140, 75 plates pp

External links