Naiá¹£karmya-siddhi is a treatise on Advaita Vedanta written by Sureà Âvara, one of the direct disciples of ÃÂdi à Âaá¹ kara, in approximately the 8th century. It comprises 423 verses divided into four chapters. Along with Brahma-siddhi of Maá¹Âá¸Âana Mià Âra, the Advaita-siddhi of Madhusà «dana Sarasvatë and the Iá¹£á¹Âa-siddhi of VimuktÃÂtman, it is considered to be one of the four most important works in the siddhi-literature tradition of Advaita, which comprises the stating of the essence of Advaita along with new facets brought out by defending the theology from rival schools.
The text presents a mixture of metrical verses and sections of prose, known as sambandhakoti. The sambandhakoti are used for several purposes including to introduce the verses, to introduce problems for discussion, to state objections of opponent philosophers and to respond to objects and to explain connections between verses. Sureà Âvara himself makes it clear that sambandhakoti is not a commentary but an essential part of the original text.
The text loosely follows the treatise Upadeà Âa SÃÂhasrë of à Âankara, particularly its 18th chapter.
The first chapter comprises 100 verses and primarily deals with the central theme of how ignorance of the true nature of the self is the source of bondage and how this can be rectified exclusively by knowledge of the self as opposed to via religious rites and other forms of action. The second chapter comprises 119 verses and is centered on distinction between the self and not-self, with primary focus on distinguishing the mind from the self. The third chapter, 126 verses, discusses the locus and content of ignorance as well as an in-depth analysis of the mahÃÂvÃÂkyam 'tat tvam asi' ["That you are."] The fourth and final chapter, of 78 verses, focuses on summarizing the first three chapters and then on citing references for Sureà Âvara's ideas within the Advaita tradition, especially the canonical texts the Upadeà Âa SÃÂhasrë of à Âankara and the MÃÂá¹Âá¸Âà «kya-kÃÂrikàof Gauá¸ÂapÃÂda. It also discusses whether or not the individual who has attained self-knowledge is required to continue following scriptural injunctions and prohibitions.
There is a traditional story told about the origin of the treatise. It is said that originally à Âankara wanted Sureà Âvara to write a metrical commentary upon à Âankara's magna opus, his commentary on the Brahma Sà «tras. However, since Sureà Âvara was a recent convert to Advaita from the rival ritual-oriented theology Pà «rva MëmÃÂá¹ÂsÃÂ, à Âankara's other disciples objected, concerned that Sureà Âvara could misinterpret the commentary. In the end, à Âankara commanded Sureà Âvara to write an independent treatise on Advaita, which became the Naiá¹£karmya Siddhi.
Two important commentaries on the text include the KlesÃÂpahÃÂrinë by Satchidanandendra Saraswati and the Candrika of JñÃÂnottama. Swamë ParamÃÂrthÃÂnanda Sarasvatë, disciple of DayÃÂnanda Sarasvatë, has conducted 251 talks on the text in English.