Na Hang [naäÃÂèé:haÃÂà Âçç] is a former rural district of Tuyên Quang province in the Northeastern region of Vietnam.
Its name may have been handed down for thousands of years, when Tai ethnic groups started migrating from Yunnan to the South region. NàHang (à ¸Âà ¸² à ¸£à ¹Âà ¸Âà ¸Â) means "last fields" (or understand as "lowerland") in Tày language, which indicated the terrain of the land.
According to the explanation of the folk, the fields in the lowlands are always the meeting place of many water streams, so that place is considered as a beautiful terrain.
According to books An Nam chàlðợc, ', ÃÂại Viá»Ât sá» ký toàn thð and ÃÂại Nam nhất thá»Âng chÃÂ, NàHang barracks (NàHang trại) was originally the Southern part of Vá» Long canton (Vá» Long châu), which corresponded to some rural districts of modern Yunnan, Guangxi and some Northwestern provinces of Vietnam. Before the 15th century, this territory was almost not under the control of any country in reality, but it was ruled by many chiefs (p'tao, phìa tạo), who had received some favors from Annamese and Chinese emperors. They have proved cleverly taking advantage of both of these forces to be able to survive stable, by Prince Trần NháºÂt DuáºÂt's appreciation.
When the Ming Dynasty was temporarily successful in controlling An Nam as a province in 1407, NàHang really became an official administrative unit called ÃÂại Man rural district (ÃÂại Man huyá»Ân). ÃÂại Man belonged to Tuyên Hóa prefecture (Tuyên Hóa phủ), by Ming Veritable Records. However, right after the Later Lê Dynasty captured most of the Giao Chá» area in 1428, ÃÂại Man belonged to Yên Bình prefecture (Yên Bình phủ) of Tuyên Quang garrison (Tuyên Quang trấn). Therefore, the range of NàHang was established basically in the 15th century.
At the beginning of the 16th century, when the political situation in the central area of An Nam had many fluctuations, ÃÂại Man once again became a fighting place between the two forces Lê-Trá»Ânh and Mạc. Since 1592, ÃÂại Man canton (ÃÂại Man châu) has been the South part of ÃÂàng Trên. This situation has almost unchanged until the end of the 18th century.
In the 16th of Minh Má»Ânh (1835), ÃÂại Man has been changed to Chiêm Hóa canton (Chiêm Hóa châu), by ÃÂại Nam thá»±c lục. Initially, it belonged to Yên Ninh prefecture (Yên Ninh phủ); then, Yên Ninh changed to Tðáng Yên.
After the French Army won the chiefs in Northern Annam in the late 1880s, Chiêm Hóa canton was part of the HàGiang Little Military Zone (tiá»Âu quân khu HàGiang) from 1891 to 1895. Then, it was transferred again to the Tuyên Quang Little Military Zone (tiá»Âu quân khu Tuyên Quang) from 1895 to 1900, belonged to the 3rd Corps (ÃÂạo quan binh sá» 3).
On April 11, 1900, Tuyên Quang province was re-established. Chiêm Hóa canton was officially the Northern part of the province.
On November 15, 1944, the Residence-Superior of Tonkin issued Decree 4375/I to separate Chiêm Hóa as two new cantons, named Chiêm Hóa and NàHang. Bang Tá Fortress (as the canton capital) was abolished to be replaced with NàHang township (thá» trấn NàHang).
When the Government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam was established in January 1946, the regime of "châu" (canton) and "phủ" (prefecture) was abolished to be replaced by "huyá»Ân" (rural district) and "tá»Ânh" (province). NàHang rural district (huyá»Ân NàHang) had 21 commune-level administrative units at that time.
During the Indochina War, NàHang once again became the fighting area of France and Viá»Ât Minh forces. Although the Government of the State of Vietnam called it as NàHang district (quáºÂn NàHang), belonged to Tuyên Quang province of the Northern Vietnam (Bắc phần Viá»Ât Nam), however, it was under control of the Viá»Ât Bắc War Zone (chiến khu Viá»Ât Bắc) of Viá»Ât Minh in fact.
On December 27, 1975, Tuyên Quang was merged to HàGiang to become . Therefore, NàHang rural district belonged to HàTuyên. By August 12, 1991, after Tuyên Quang province was re-established, NàHang rural district belonged to Tuyên Quang.
On January 25, 2006, the Government of Vietnam issued Decree 14/2006/NÃÂ-CP to re-arrange the boundaries of communes in Tuyên Quang province. Accordingly, NàHang has been renamed Na Hang rural district (huyá»Ân Na Hang) to make it easier to pronounce to the masses.
On January 28, 2011, the Government of Vietnam issued Resolution 07/NQ-CP to adjust the Western boundaries of two rural districts Chiêm Hóa and Na Hang to establish new district Lâm Bình, where used to be Lâm Bình Forestry.
Currently, Na Hang rural district has all 12 commune-level administrative units.
From local literary anecdotes, the rural district's terrain seems to be shaped a buffalo soaking in Gâm River, moreover, the buffalo is also a local mascot for a long time. Na Hang has a completely plateau terrain, which is considered the most dangerous of Tuyên Quang province. Therefore, the largest resource of the rural district is forest and limestone mountains, which has almost been banned from exploiting since the 2000s to become an ecological conservation area.
The district is the origin of two rivers with extremely large water : Gâm and NÃÂng. It is also the basis for forming in the area of Má»Âm Núm (means "the Breast mountain"). Besides, this peak still contains a relatively large number of mineral, but due to security factors, they have not been exploited since the 1990s.
According to the statistics of the District People's Committee in 2024, Na Hang has a population of 47,619.
Ethnic composition in Na Hang rural district is relatively difficult to determine by the complex history of the land. However, up to now, at least 12 groups have been registered. In particular, TÃÂ y as 52.56%, Yao as 27.64%, Kinh as 9.44%. Besides, other groups have very low quantities and even are scattered.
Before the 1978 frontier conflict, the Hoa was a large community in the territory. However, due to the intense impact of stressful political situation, some have chosen solutions to return to Guangxi, Guangdong or refugeed in Hong Kong with the implicit agreement of local authorities of Tuyên Quang. The remaining people have accepted to register as part of other ethnic groups (Kinh, Tày, Nùng, Yao...) to have the opportunity to continue studying and working. So far, the Hoa in Na Hang consists of only a few small clans settling in the North of the rural district, where the terrain is relatively dangerous.
Due to the specificity that the locality has the process of forming and developing customs for a very long time, so early, Na Hang has become an object of exploitation of literature and then cinema. Some works have used it as the context :
Na Hang is known as the sticky rice (nếp nðáng) supplier and products originating from forest in large quantities of the entire mountainous region of the Northern Vietnam.
Besides : Phoenix barb form Gâm River, corn wine, sour pork, buffalo meat, "rocket" sausage, colory xôi, forest xôi, Há»Âng Thái pear...