In mathematical analysis, Mosco convergence is a notion of convergence for functionals that is used in nonlinear analysis and set-valued analysis. Named after the Italian mathematician Umberto Mosco, it is a particular case of ÃÂ-convergence. Mosco convergence is sometimes phrased as âÂÂweak ÃÂ-liminf and strong ÃÂ-limsupâ convergence since it uses both the weak and strong topologies on a topological vector space X. In finite dimensional spaces, Mosco convergence coincides with epi-convergence, while in infinite-dimensional spaces, Mosco convergence is a strictly stronger property.
Let X be a topological vector space and let X<sup>âÂÂ</sup> denote the dual space of continuous linear functionals on X. Let F<sub>n</sub> : X â [0, +âÂÂ] be functionals on X for each n = 1, 2, ... The sequence (or, more generally, net) (F<sub>n</sub>) is said to Mosco converge to another functional F : X â [0, +âÂÂ] if the following two conditions hold:
Since lower and upper bound inequalities of this type are used in the definition of ÃÂ-convergence, Mosco convergence is sometimes phrased as âÂÂweak ÃÂ-liminf and strong ÃÂ-limsupâ convergence. Mosco convergence is sometimes abbreviated to M-convergence and denoted by