Monodonta is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Trochidae, the top snails.
The genus Monodonta was first separated from the Linnaean genus Trochus by Lamarck in 1801 with Trochus labio <small>Linnaeus, 1758</small> given as the type species. Labio is a junior homonym of Labio <small>Oken, 1815</small>, itself a synonym of Monodonta <small>Lamarck, 1799</small>
Description
The very heavy, thick, solid shell has a turbinate-conic shape. The shell is smooth or spirally ridged. The outer lip is plicate within. The short, porcellanous columella is strong, cylindrical, bulging or more or less toothed near or at the base. Between this tooth and the basal margin there is a square notch or channel. The aperture is as high as wide.
Distribution
The species of this marine genus occurs over a wide area: Central and East Indian Ocean, Indo-China, Indo-Malaysian Oceania, the Philippines, Japan and Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia).
Species
Species within the genus Monodonta include:
- Monodonta australis <small>(Lamarck, 1816)</small>
- Monodonta canalifera <small>Lamarck, 1816</small>
- Monodonta confusa <small>Tapparone-Canefri, 1874</small>
- Monodonta gibbula <small>Thiele, 1925</small>
- Monodonta glabrata <small>Gould, 1861</small>
- Monodonta labio <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>
- Monodonta lugubris <small>Lamarck, 1822</small>
- Monodonta nebulosa <small>Forsskal in Niebuhr, 1775</small>
- Monodonta neritoides <small>(Philippi, 1849)</small>
- Monodonta perplexa <small>Pilsbry, 1889</small>
- Monodonta vermiculata <small>(P. Fischer, 1874)</small>
- Monodonta viridis <small>Lamarck, 1816</small>
Species brought into synonymy :
- Labio corrosa <small>A. Adams, 1853</small>: synonym of Diloma subrostratum <small>(Gray, 1835)</small>
- Monodonta (Osilinus) <small>Philippi, 1847</small>: synonym of Osilinus <small>Philippi, 1847</small>
- Monodonta adelaidae <small>Philippi, 1849</small>: synonym of Chlorodiloma adelaidae <small>(Philippi, 1849)</small>
- Monodonta aegyptiaca <small>Lamarck, 1822</small>: synonym of Rubritrochus declivis <small>(ForskÃÂ¥l, 1775)</small>
- Monodonta alveolata <small>A. Adams, 1853</small>: synonym of Herpetopoma instrictum <small>(Gould, 1849)</small>
- Monodonta angulifera <small>A. Adams, 1853</small>: synonym of Perrinia angulifera <small>(A. Adams, 1853)</small>
- Monodonta belliaei <small>Michaud, 1829</small>: synonym of Homalopoma sanguineum <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>
- Monodonta berthelotii <small>d'Orbigny, 1840</small>: synonym of Clanculus berthelotii <small>(d'Orbigny, 1840)</small>
- Monodonta bourcierei <small>Crosse, 1863</small>: synonym of Herpetopoma instrictum <small>(Gould, 1849)</small>
- Monodonta carchedonius <small>Lamarck, 1822</small>: synonym of Modulus carchedonius <small>(Lamarck, 1822)</small>
- Monodonta clathrata <small>A. Adams, 1853</small>: synonym of Vaceuchelus clathratus <small>(A. Adams, 1853)</small>
- Monodonta colubrina <small>(Gould, 1851)</small>: synonym of Osilinus sauciatus <small>(Koch, 1845)</small>
- Monodonta conica <small>Gray, 1827</small>: synonym of Thalotia conica <small>(Gray, 1827)</small>
- Monodonta constellata <small>(Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1863)</small>: synonym of Trochus constellatus <small>Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1863</small>
- Monodonta constricta <small>Lamarck, 1822</small>: synonym of Austrocochlea constricta <small>(Lamarck, 1822)</small>
- Monodonta coronaria <small>Lamarck, 1816</small>: synonym of Tectarius grandinatus <small>(Gmelin, 1791)</small>
- Monodonta couturii <small>Payraudeau, B.-C., 1826</small>: synonym of Clanculus corallinus <small>(Gmelin, J.F., 1791)</small>
- Monodonta crinita <small>Philippi, 1849</small>: synonym of Chlorodiloma crinita <small>(Philippi, 1849)</small>
- Monodonta dama <small>(Philippi, 1848)</small>: synonym of Monodonta nebulosa <small>Forsskal in Niebuhr, 1775</small>
- Monodonta draparnaudii <small>Payraudeau, 1826</small>: synonym of Phorcus articulatus <small>(Lamarck, 1822)</small>
- Monodonta fischeri <small>Montrouzier [in Souverbie & Montrouzier], 1866</small>: synonym of Herpetopoma fischeri (<small>Montrouzier [in Souverbie & Montrouzier], 1866)</small>; synonym of Herpetopoma exasperatum <small>(A. Adams, 1853)</small>
- Monodonta foveolata <small>A. Adams, 1853</small>: synonym of Vaceuchelus clathratus <small>(A. Adams, 1853)</small>
- Monodonta fragaroides <small>Lamarck, 1822</small> : synonym of Phorcus turbinatus <small>(Born, 1778)</small>
- Monodonta fulgurata <small>(Philippi, 1846)</small>: synonym of Oxystele fulgurata <small>(Philippi, 1848)</small>
- Monodonta glomus <small>Philippi, 1844</small>: synonym of Clanculus jussieui <small>(Payraudeau, 1826)</small>
- Monodonta immanis <small>Fischer, 1880</small>: synonym of Monodonta labio <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>
- Monodonta jussieui <small>Payraudeau, 1826</small>: synonym of Clanculus jussieui <small>(Payraudeau, 1826)</small>
- Monodonta kraussii <small>Philippi, 1846</small>: synonym of Clanculus kraussii <small>(Philippi, 1846)</small>
- Monodonta lessoni <small>Payraudeau, 1826</small>: synonym of Gibbula divaricata <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>
- Monodonta limbata <small>Philippi, 1844</small>: synonym of Danilia tinei <small>(Calcara, 1839)</small>
- Monodonta lineata <small>(Da Costa, 1778)</small> synonym of Osilinus lineatus <small>(da Costa, 1778)</small>
- Monodonta margaritaria <small>Philippi, 1846</small>: synonym of Clanculus margaritarius <small>(Philippi, 1846)</small>
- Monodonta melaurchelonis <small>Philippi</small>: synonym of Monodonta labio <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>
- Monodonta mutabilis <small>(Philippi, 1846)</small>: synonym of Phorcus mutabilis <small>(Philippi, 1846)</small>
- Monodonta obscura <small>(Wood, 1828)</small>: synonym of Priotrochus obscurus <small>(W. Wood, 1828)</small>
- Monodonta olivieri <small>Payraudeau, 1826</small>: synonym of Phorcus turbinatus <small>(Born, 1778)</small>
- Monodonta punicea <small>Philippi, 1846</small>: synonym of Clanculus puniceus <small>(Philippi, 1846)</small>
- Monodonta richardi <small>Payraudeau, 1826</small>: synonym of Phorcus richardi <small>(Payraudeau, 1826)</small>
- Monodonta rubra <small>A. Adams, 1851</small>: synonym of Herpetopoma rubrum <small>(A. Adams, 1851)</small>
- Monodonta sagittifera <small>Lamarck</small>: synonym of Oxystele impervia <small>(Menke, 1843)</small>
- Monodonta subrostrata <small>Gray, 1835</small>: synonym of Diloma subrostrata <small>(Gray, 1835)</small>
- Monodonta tigrinus <small>Odhner, 1923</small>: synonym of Oxystele tigrina <small>(Anton, 1838)</small>
- Monodonta tinei <small>Calcara, 1839</small>: synonym of Danilia tinei <small>(Calcara, 1839)</small>
- Monodonta tridentata <small>Potiez & Michaud, 1838</small>: synonym of Tegula tridentata <small>(Potiez & Michaud, 1838)</small>
- Monodonta tuberculata <small>A. Adams, 1853</small>: synonym of Monodonta labio <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>
- Monodonta turbinata <small>(Born, 1778)</small>: synonym of Phorcus turbinatus <small>(Born, 1778)</small>
- Monodonta ulvae <small>Risso, 1826</small>: synonym of Phorcus articulatus <small>(Lamarck, 1822)</small>
- Monodonta vieilliotii <small>Payraudeau, 1826</small>: synonym of Clanculus cruciatus <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>
References
- Lamarck, 1799, Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 1: 74; Monodon [Cuvier, 1817] is an incorrect subsequent spelling.
- Montfort, 1810, Conchyliologie systématique, 2: 194; Unjustified emendation of Monodonta
- Moore, R.C. (1964). Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part 1. Kansas : University of Kansas Press and Geological Society of America. Vol.1
- Donald K.M., Kennedy M. & Spencer H.G. (2005) The phylogeny and taxonomy of austral monodontine topshells (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Trochidae), inferred from DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37: 474âÂÂ483.
- Williams S.T., Donald K.M., Spencer H.G. & Nakano T. (2010) Molecular systematics of the marine gastropod families Trochidae and Calliostomatidae (Mollusca: Superfamily Trochoidea). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54:783-809.
External links