Monardella is a genus of approximately 40 species of annual and perennial plants native to western North America from British Columbia to northwestern Mexico. They are grown for their highly aromatic foliage, which in some species is used for herbal teas. The two-lipped, tubular flowers are formed in terminal clusters and are most usually red, pink, or purple.
Monardella is a Latin diminutive form of Monarda (a taxonomic patronym honoring the Spanish botanist Nicolás Monardes), which the form of the flower heads resembles. Plants in this genus are commonly known as wildmints, coyote mints or monardellas.
Species
, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:
- Monardella angustifolia E<small>lvin, Ertter & Mansfield</small>
- Monardella arizonica <small>Epling</small> - Arizona
- Monardella australis <small>Abrams</small> - southern California
- Monardella beneolens <small>Shevock, Ertter & Jokerst</small> - southern California
- Monardella boydii <small>A.C.Sanders & Elvin</small> - southern California
- Monardella breweri <small>A.Gray</small> - California, Nevada, Arizona, Baja California
- Monardella breweri subsp. lanceolata <small>(A.Gray) A.C.Sanders & Elvin</small>, syn. Monardella lanceolata <small>A.Gray</small> - California
- Monardella candicans <small>Benth.</small> - San JoaquÃÂn Valley of California
- Monardella douglasii <small>Benth.</small> - San Francisco Bay area of California
- Monardella eplingii <small>Elvin et al.</small> - Arizona
- Monardella eremicola <small>A.C.Sanders & Elvin</small> - southern California
- Monardella exilis <small>(A.Gray) Greene</small> - southern California, Arizona
- Monardella follettii <small>(Jeps.) Jokerst</small> - northern Sierra Nevada in California
- Monardella hypoleuca <small>A.Gray</small> - southern California, Baja California
- Monardella kruckebergii <small>Elvin, R.B.Kelley & B.T.Drew</small>
- Monardella lagunensis <small>M.E.Jones</small> - Baja California Sur
- â Monardella leucocephala <small>A.Gray</small> - Merced & Stanislaus counties in California but believed to be extinct
- Monardella linoides <small>A.Gray</small> - California, Arizona, Nevada, Baja California
- Monardella macrantha <small>A.Gray</small> - California, Baja California
- Monardella mojavensis <small>Elvin & A.C.Sanders</small> - Mohave Desert of southeastern California & southern Nevada
- Monardella nana <small>A.Gray</small> - California, Baja California
- Monardella odoratissima <small>Benth.</small> - mountain wildmint, mountain coyote mint or mountain pennyroyal - much of western North America from British Columbia south to southern California & New Mexico
- Monardella odoratissima subsp. villosa <small>(Benth.) Brunell</small>, syns Monardella antonina <small>Hardham</small>, Monardella villosa <small>Benth.</small> â (common) coyote mint â California
- Monardella palmeri <small>A.Gray</small> - Santa Lucia Mountains of west-central California
- Monardella perplexans <small>Elvin, R.B.Kelley & B.T.Drew</small>
- â Monardella pringlei <small>A.Gray</small> - Mohave Desert of southeastern California but believed to be extinct
- Monardella purpurea <small>Howell</small> - Oregon, California
- Monardella robisonii <small>Epling ex Munz</small> - Mohave Desert of southeastern California
- Monardella saxicola <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> - southeastern California
- Monardella sheltonii <small>Torr. ex Durand</small> - Oregon, California
- Monardella sinuata <small>Elvin & A.C.Sanders</small> - coastal central California
- Monardella siskiyouensis <small>Hardham</small> - northern California
- Monardella stebbinsii <small>Hardham & Bartel</small> - Plumas County in northern California
- Monardella stoneana <small>Elvin & A.C.Sanders</small> - San Diego County in California, Baja California
- Monardella ÃÂ subglabra <small>(Hoover) Hardham</small> - California (M. purpurea ÃÂ M. villosa)
- Monardella subserrata <small>Greene</small>
- Monardella thymifolia <small>Greene</small> - Cedros Island in Baja California
- Monardella undulata <small>Benth.</small> - coastal central California
- Monardella venosa <small>(Torr.) A.C.Sanders & Elvin</small> - central California
- Monardella viminea <small>Greene</small> - San Diego County in southern California
- Monardella viridis <small>Jeps.</small> - northern San Francisco Bay area of California (Sonoma, Napa, Solano, & Lake Counties)
- Monardella walwaamaxsia <small>Elvin, R.B.Kelley & B.T.Drew</small>
Horticulture and ecology
Most like a sunny, sharply drained site and can be attractive in a rock garden or pot in the alpine house if smaller species are selected. The taller ones can be used at the front of a dry sunny border. They have reasonable frost resistance, but resent dampness in winter. Propagate from seed or summer cuttings of perennial species, or by division of clumps.
Monardella is a nectar plant for many Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), including the endangered Myrtle's silverspot (Speyeria zerene myrtleae).
Several species are rare California endemics; two, the Merced monardella (M. leucocephala) and Pringle's monardella (M. pringlei), have not been seen in many decades and are presumed extinct.
Notes
References
External links