The molecular-scale temperature is the defining property of the U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1962. It is defined by the relationship:
T<sub>m</sub>(z) is molecular-scale temperature at altitude z;
M<sub>0</sub> is molecular weight of air at sea level;
M(z) is molecular weight of air at altitude z;
T(z) is absolute temperature at altitude z.
This is citation of the Technical Report of USAF from 1967.
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