Mohammad-Bagher Bagheri Kani () (born 1926) is an Iranian Shia Mujtahid. He was one of 82-86 Mujtahids to be elected in the First (1982), Second (1990), and Fourth (2006) terms in the Assembly of Experts.
Mohammad Bagher was born in 1926, in Kan District, Tehran. He is the father of Ali Bagheri and older brother of Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani. He was taught Islamic jurisprudence and Interpretation of Quran under Ruhollah Khomeini, Hossein Borujerdi, Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i, and Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani while attending his Islamic Studies in Qom Seminary. He was also the head of Imam Sadiq University from December 2014 to September 2015. One of his sons, Mesbah Bagheri Kani, was married to Hoda Khamenei, daughter of Iran's second Supreme Leader, Ali Khamenei. Initial reporting suggested the couple died during the assassination of Ali Khamenei in 2026, however later reports claimed it was only Mesbah who was killed.