Megaloblatta longipennis is a species of cockroach in the family Ectobiidae. It is the world's largest cockroach by length and wingspan. It is native to Colombia, Ecuador and Peru; although its range sometimes is reported to extend into Panama; this is based on misidentifications of the closely related and similar M. blaberoides (the only Central American species in the genus).
Members of M. longipennis are known for their exceptional size; the largest specimen measured in length, in width, and had a wingspan of . The related M. blaberoides, which is quite similar but differs in certain morphological features, can reach about the same length and almost as much, , in wingspan.