Maydolong, officially the Municipality of Maydolong (; ), is a municipality in the province of Eastern Samar, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 15,456 people.
The story officially accepted by the Sangguniang Bayan is that fishermen once traveled to the village of Matnog. Because they needed to rest along the east coast of Samar, they used to say "Matnog it Dolong" ("the bow must point to Matnog"). This was shortened to Maydolong and eventually became the village's name.
Maydolong once comprised the barrios Maydolong, Balogo, Maybocog, Omawas, Tagaslian, Kampakirit, Suribao, Mayburak, Kanmanungdong, Malobago, Tabi, Maytigbao and Kanluterio, and belonged to the Municipality of Borongan, Eastern Samar. It is now politically subdivided into 20 barangays. Each has puroks and some have sitios.
The population of Maydolong in the 2024 census was 15,456 people, with a density of .