Martha Thomas may refer to:
- M. Carey Thomas (1857âÂÂ1935), American educator, suffragist, and linguist
- Martha Gibbons Thomas (1869âÂÂ1942), American politician, suffragist, and dairy farmer
- Martha J. B. Thomas (1926âÂÂ2006), American chemical engineer and analytical chemist
- Martha Nelson Thomas (1915âÂÂ2013), American folk artist
- Martha Thomas Fitzgerald (1894âÂÂ1981), American educator and politician
- Martha Thomas (footballer) (born 1996), Scottish footballer