The is a Japanese society established in 1987 to promote the study of mammals.
Upon its establishment, the Society united two predecessor organizations, the , founded in 1949, and the , established in 1963, which itself grew out of the , established in 1955. The Society, however, traces its origins back to the activities of the refounded in 1923, and as such celebrated its ninetieth anniversary in 2013.
The Society publishes the quarterly journal Mammal Study, successor to the Journal of the Mammalogical Society of Japan, in English, and, in Japanese, the biannual . It also oversaw publication, in 2015, of the second edition of The Wild Mammals of Japan. A 2018 supplement to Mammalian Science comprises the Japanese names for world mammal taxa, based on the third edition of Mammal Species of the World.