The Malicious Communications Act 1988 (MCA) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that makes it illegal in England and Wales to "send or deliver letters or other articles for the purpose of causing distress or anxiety". It also applies to electronic communications.
The original purpose of the MCA was to prevent the sending of printed matter, but the scope of the act has been extended to cover electronic communications. The MCA can be used to charge people for comments made via social networking sites that are âÂÂracially motivatedâ or "religiously motivated."
The MCA has been criticised for its aim as a means to censor free speech, a core civil liberty. In 2012 someone was falsely arrested under act for saying that Olympic diver Tom Daley let his dead father down by not winning a medal at the London Olympics.
The MCA was used in 2011 against Internet troll Sean Duffy, who posted comments mocking the deaths of multiple teenagers. Duffy was sentenced to 18 weeks in prison and prohibited from registering on any social media site for five years. In the case of DPP v Connolly, the MCA was used to prosecute an anti-abortion campaigner who sent obscene images of foetuses to pharmacists who sold the contraceptive pill.