Maireana melanocarpa, commonly known as black-fruit bluebush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae and is endemic to South Australia. It is a multi-branched shrub or subshrub with woolly branches, more or less terete woolly leaves, flowers arranged singly and a dark brown to black fruiting perianth with a horizontal wing with dark brown veins.
Maireana melanocarpa is a multi-branched shrub or subshrub that typically grows to a height of up to about abd has woolly branches. The leaves are arranged alternately, semiterete, long, about wide and woolly. The flowers are arranged singly and the fruiting perianth is dark brown to black at maturity, with a shortly hemispherical tube about long and high, rigid and ribbed. The wing is horizontal, up to wide with dark brown veins with a radial slit.
Maireana melanocarpa was first formally described in 1975 by Paul Wilson in the journal Nuytsia from specimens collected on Mount Lyndhurst in 1955. The specific epithet (melanocarpa) means 'black-fruited'.
Black-fruit bluebush grows in on sandy rises around salt lakes between Beltana and Lake Watherstone near Leigh Creek, west of the north Flinders Range.