Lycaena is a genus of butterflies. The genus range is Holarctic, with the exception of four species found in New Zealand, two in South Africa, one in New Guinea and one in Java. It is commonly divided into several subgenera, such as Antipodolycaena. Many formerly independent genera are now subsumed within Lycaena; the genus Gaiedes may also belong here. Many of the subgenera, species groups and species listed here may be synonyms.
Species
Listed alphabetically within groups:<br/>
Subgenus Tharsalea <small>Scudder, 1876</small>:
- Lycaena arota <small>(Boisduval, 1852)</small> â tailed copper
Subgenus Chalceria <small>Scudder, 1876</small>:<br/> The thaeides species group:
- Lycaena dione <small>(Scudder, 1868)</small>
- Lycaena editha <small>(Mead, 1878)</small> â Edith's copper <small>California, Montana, Wyoming, Nevada</small>
- Lycaena gorgon <small>(Boisduval, 1852)</small> â gorgon copper <small>Nevada, California, Oregon</small>
- Lycaena xanthoides <small>(Boisduval, 1852)</small> â great gray copper <small>California</small>
The chalceria species group:
Subgenus Epidemia <small>Scudder, 1876</small>:<br/> The hyllolycaena species group:
The epidemia species group:
Subgenus Hermelycaena <small>Miller & Brown, 1979</small>:
Subgenus Antipodolycaena <small>Smart, 1975</small>:
Unnamed subgenus:<br/> The heodes species group:
The palaeochrysophanus species group:
- Lycaena candens <small>(Herrich-Schäffer, [1844]) South Europe, Caucasus, Transcaucasia</small>
- Lycaena hippothoe <small>(Linnaeus, 1761)</small> â purple-edged copper
Subgenus Lycaena <small>Fabricius, 1807</small>:<br/> The helle species group:
The phlaeas species group:
The thersamolycaena species group:
The thersamonia species group:
- Lycaena aditya <small>(Moore, [1875]) West Pamirs, Afghanistan, Pakistan, North India</small>
- Lycaena alaica <small>(Grum-Grshimailo, 1888) Pamirs-Alai, Gissar Range, North east Afghanistan</small>
- Lycaena alpherakyi <small>(Grum-Grshimailo, 1888) East Pamirs, Northwest China</small>
- Lycaena attila <small>(Zhdanko, 1990) Zaalaisky Mountains (Trans-Ili Alatau) Central Asia</small>
- Lycaena asabinus <small>(Herrich-Schäffer, [1851]) Turkey, Transcaucasia, Iran, Armenia</small>
- Lycaena hyrcana <small>(Neuburger, 1903) North Iran to Central Asia</small>
- Lycaena kurdistanica <small>(Riley, 1921) Armenia, Northeast Turkey, West Iran</small>
- Lycaena lampon <small>Lederer, [1870] Kopet-Dagh, Southeast Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan</small>
- Lycaena ochimus <small>(Herrich-Schäffer, [1851]) Transcaucasia, Armenia, Caucasus Minor, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Talysh Mountains (Iran - Azerbaijan)</small>
- Lycaena phoebus <small>(Blachier, 1905)</small> â Moroccan copper <small>Morocco</small>
- Lycaena solskyi <small>Erschoff, 1874 Pamirs to Alay Mountains, Gissar Range, Darvaz Range, Tian-Shan, Kashmir, Samarkand</small>
- Lycaena thersamon <small>(Esper, 1784)</small> â lesser fiery copper
- Lycaena thetis <small>Klug, 1834</small> â fiery copper or golden copper
The phoenicurusia species group:
- Lycaena margelanica <small>(Staudinger, 1881) South Tajikistan to Tien-Shan, Gissar Range, Darvaz, Alay, West Pamir, Babatag, Karatau, Teriklitau, Rangontau, Zailiisky Alatau, Lake Issyk-Kul mountains</small>
The hyrcanana species group:
- Lycaena caspius <small>(Lederer, 1869) Kopet-Dagh, Gissar Range, North Iran, Afghanistan</small>
- Lycaena ophion <small>Hemming, 1933 Kopet-Dagh, Gissar Range to Darvaz Tadzhikistan</small>
- Lycaena pamira <small>(Nekrutenko, 1983)</small>
- Lycaena sartha <small>(Staudinger, 1886) Gissar Range to Darvaz, Pamirs to Alay mountains, Northeast Afghanistan</small>
- Lycaena sultan <small>(Lang, 1884) West Gissar Range (Zeravshansky, Ghissarsky, Baisuntau, Fanskie)</small>
Unknown species group:
- Lycaena bathinia <small>Snellen, 1899</small> dubious <small>Java</small>
- Lycaena clarki <small>Dickson, 1971</small> â eastern sorrel copper
- Lycaena evansii <small>(de Nicéville, 1902) Kashmir, Chitral</small>
- Lycaena kasyapa <small>(Moore, 1865)</small> â green copper
- Lycaena orus <small>(Stoll, [1780])</small> â western sorrel copper
- Lycaena ottomanus <small>(Lefèbvre, 1830)</small>
- Lycaena pallida <small>Miskin, 1891 New Guinea</small>
- Lycaena panava <small>(Westwood, 1852)</small>
- Lycaena pavana <small>(Kollar, [1844])</small> â white-bordered copper <small>North India</small>
- Lycaena standfussi <small>(Grum-Grshimailo, 1891) West China, Tibet</small>
- Lycaena susanus <small>(Swinhoe, 1889) Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan</small>
- Lycaena tama <small>(Fereday, 1878) New Zealand </small>
- Lycaena tityrus <small>Poda, 1761</small> â sooty copper
- Lycaena virgaureae <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> â scarce copper
- Lycaena zariaspa <small>(Moore, 1874) West Himalayas, Kashmir, Northwest India</small>
References
External links