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List of pusher aircraft by configuration and date

A pusher aircraft is a type of aircraft using propellers placed behind the engines.<br /> Pushers may be classified according to lifting surfaces layout (conventional or 3 surface, canard, joined wing, tailless and rotorcraft) as well as engine/propeller location and drive. For historical interest, pusher aircraft are also classified by date.<br /> Some aircraft have a Push-pull configuration with both tractor and pusher engines. The list includes these even if the pusher engine is just added to a conventional layout (engines inside the wings or above the wing for example).

Conventional and three surface layouts

The conventional layout of an aircraft has wings ahead of the empennage.

Direct drive

Propeller ahead of tail

Between frames (Farman layout)
Between frames or booms (1915 and later)
Between booms

1945 and later

1980 and later

Between booms / UAV's
Between outboard tail booms
Coaxially in rear fuselage
Nacelle above fuselage

WW1 or Before

1920s

1930s

Post War II

Below tail boom
Between up and down tail booms
Above tailboom

Propeller behind the tail

Lateral behind wing

1930 and later

Lateral nacelles

Remote drive

Propeller ahead of tail

Within airframe
Behind wing
  • Theseus Aircraft 1996 NASA research aircraft, no pilot, 1 built

Inside tail

Behind tail

1960 and later

Propeller above fuselage or wing

  • Schleicher ASH 26 1995 1 seat glider with retractable propeller, 234 built
  • Airfish-3 WIG 1990 Wing In Ground Effect demonstrator one seat, 1 built
  • Airfish-8 WIG 2007 Wing In Ground Effect transport prototype 8/10 seats, 2 built

Canard and tandem layouts

A canard is an aircraft with a smaller wing ahead of the main wing. A tandem layout has both front and rear wings of similar dimensions.

Direct drive

1945 and later In this section Rutan pushers are more than 1000 built.

Remote engine mounting

Joined wings

A tandem (or three-surface) configuration whose wingtips are joined is a Closed wing.

Tailless aircraft, Flying wings

Tailless aircraft

Tailless aircraft lack a horizontal stabilizer.

Tailless, fabric wing, no fuselage

Flying wings

Flying wings lack a distinct fuselage, with crew, engines, and payload contained within the wing structure.

Push-pull aircraft

Sides of fuselage

Above fuselage

Extremities

On nose and between booms

On wings and between booms

Rotorcraft

See also

Bibliography

  • Extension-Shaft Pusher Type Aircraft, Sport aviation

References

Notes

Citations