List of places with columnar jointed volcanics

Columnar jointing of volcanic rocks exists in many places on Earth. Perhaps the most famous basalt lava flow in the world is the Giant's Causeway in Northern Ireland, in which the vertical joints form polygonal columns and give the impression of having been artificially constructed.

Notable columnar jointed volcanics

Africa

• Bugarama in Rusizi, Rwanda Columnar jointing in Rusizi district, Nzahaha Sector. This may have formed from contractional cooling of basaltic lavas.
• Foreke Quarry, Foreke Dachang, Cameroon
• Ikom Columnar Basalt in Cross River State, Nigeria
• Numan, Nigeria
• "Organ Pipes" near Twyfelfontein, Namibia
• Rochester Falls, Mauritius
• Seliana, Tunisia
• Isle de la Madeleine, Dakar, Senegal
• Lalibela, Ethiopia

Asia

Armenia

• Garni Gorge, Armenia
• Near Saint Sarkis Cathedral, Yerevan, Armenia

China (mainland)

• Heiyuhe Columnar Joints (黑鱼河柱状节理) [Xianrenqiao (仙人桥)], Longchuan River () & Black Fish River, Tengchong

Hong Kong

• Basalt Island area, Hong Kong; including High Island Reservoir area, Hong Kong; although the High Island Reservoir is not basalt but rhyolitic tuff, rich in potash feldspar and quartz phenocrysts.

India

In India, columnars are found in several places across the volcanic traps such as 6.5 crore or 65 million years ago (Mya) old deccan traps in South India and 14.5 crore or 145 mya old Rajmahal Traps in Eastern India.

Karnataka

• St. Mary's Island columnars near Malpe in Udupi district of Karnataka state.

Madhya Pradesh

• Kavadia Pahad columnars: Forest area near Bagli & Pipari village of Dewas District in Madhya Pradesh. The rock formation is at Kavadia Pahad which is a series of seven mountain ranges.
• Linga columnars: south of Chhindwara city.
• Narsinghpur columnar joints in Deccan Basalts near Narsinghpur.

Maharashtra

• Bandivade columnars: found at Bandivade village bear Panhala in Kolhapur district of Maharashtra.
• Gilbert Hill columnars in Andheri suburb of Mumbai in Maharashtra
• Manmad columnars
• Muktagiri columnars jointing in basalt lava flows of Muktagiri section in Amravati district

Telangana

• Adilabad district columnars.
• Borilalguda columnars: Found on a small hillock inside the reserve forest of Borilalguda village in Kerameri tehsil of Komaram Bheem Asifabad district.
• Medak district columnars
• Nizamabad district columnars
• Rangareddy district columnars

Indonesia

• Gunung Padang in West Java is also a manmade archaeological site.
• Gunung Kelud in West Java has basalt columns visible south of the crater lake (Wanajay peak).

Iran

• Maku, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
• Mount Damavand, Iran
• Sarbisheh, Iran

Israel

• Meshushim River (Hexagons River), Hexagons pool, Golan Heights,

Japan

• Natsudomari Peninsula, Hiranai, Aomori
• Kawazu 7 waterfalls area, Izu Peninsula, Shizuoka
• Tōjinbō, Mikuni, Fukui
• Genbudō, Toyooka, Hyōgo
• Takachiho-kyo gorge, Takachiho, Miyazaki
• Keya no Oto, Itoshima, Fukuoka
• Tatami-ishi, Kumejima, Okinawa

Malaysia

• In Teck Guan Cocoa Village and in Giram River, Kampung Balung Cocos Tawau, Sabah, Malaysia.

Mongolia

• Kharandaa Khad in Taishir district, on Zavkhan River

Philippines

• Dunsulan Falls in Mount Samat, Pilar, Bataan
• Bulingan Falls in Lamitan, Basilan

Russia

• Chukchi Peninsula in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
• Cape Stolbchatiy, Kuril Islands, Russia

South Korea

• Jusangjeolli, Seogwipo, Jeju Island, South Korea

Taiwan

• Tongpan Basalt (), Tongpan Island and Hujing Island (Table island, 虎井嶼), Penghu Islands
• The Whale Cave, on the seashore, in Penghu County

Thailand

• Mon Hin Kong (), in a mountainous area of the Phi Pan Nam Range near Na Phun, Wang Chin District, Phrae Province, Thailand

Turkey

• Basalt Rocks Natural Monument, Boyabat, Sinop Province, Turkey

Vietnam

• Da Dia Cliff () — The Cliff of Stone Plates (), An Ninh Đông Village, Tuy An District, Phú Yên Province, Vietnam
• Yen Islet () ()- An Hòa Village, Tuy An District, Phú Yên Province
• Vuc Hom Fall () () - An LÄ©nh Village, Tuy An District, Phú Yên Province
• Vuc Song Fall () () - An LÄ©nh Village, Tuy An District, Phú Yên Province
• Battle Fall () () - VÄ©nh SÆ¡n Village, VÄ©nh Thạnh District, Bình Định Province
• Takon Citadel () () - K8 (old name: Kon Blò), VÄ©nh SÆ¡n Village, VÄ©nh Thạnh District, Bình Định Province

Europe

Croatia

• Rupnica, Papuk Nature Park UNESCO Global Geopark, Croatia

Czech Republic

• Panská skála, Kamenický Å enov, Czech Republic
• Zlatý vrch, Česká Kamenice, Czech Republic

Faroe Islands

• Froðba, Hov
• Hvalba and Trongisvágur, Suðuroy

France

• Thueyts, Jaujac and Fabras, Ardèche
• Saint-Flour, Cantal
• Chilhac
• Saint-Arcons
• Prades
• Saint-Clément
• Moulin-Béraud
• La Tour-d'Auvergne
• Bort-les-Orgues
• Scandola Nature Reserve, Corsica

Georgia

• Sioni, Mtskheta-Mtianeti, Georgia

Germany

• Linz am Rhein, Mendig, Mayen, Rhineland-Palatinate
• Hoher Hagen (Dransfeld), Lower Saxony
• Rhön, North Bavaria
• Stolpen, Saxony
• Hainewalde, Saxony, Phonolite columns
• Scharfenstein, Hesse
• Weiselberg, Saarland

Great Britain

• The islands of Canna, Eigg, and Muck, Scotland
• Cullernose Point, near Craster, Northumberland, England
• The northern part of the Isle of Skye, Scotland
• The Isle of Mull and the nearby beach of Morvern, Scotland
• Samson's ribs, Scotland
• Fingal's Cave and Staffa, Scotland
• Pen Anglas, Pembrokeshire, Wales
• Ulva, Scotland
• Cave Dale, Castleton, Peak District
• Dunbar Harbour

Greece

• Milos, Greece

Hungary

• Badacsony
• Bér
• Szanda
• Szilváskő
• Hegyestű
• Szent-György-hegy
• Gulács
• Haláp
• Hajagos
• Uzsa

Iceland

• Aldeyjarfoss, Þingeyjarsveit
• Borgarvirki
• Dverghamrar, Kirkjubæjarklaustur
• Gerðuberg
• Hellnahraun near Arnarstapi, Snæfellsbær
• Hljóðaklettar, Jökulsárgljúfur
• Kirkjugólf, Kirkjubæjarklaustur
• Kálfshamarsvík, Austur-Húnavatnssýsla
• Litlanesfoss, Fljótsdalshreppur
• Reynisdrangar and Reynisfjara, Vík í Mýrdal
• Stuðlagil, East of Iceland
• Svartifoss, Skaftafell

Northern Ireland

• Giant's Causeway, Northern Ireland

Italy

• Alcantara River Gorges, Sicily
• Capu Nieddu, Cuglieri, Sardinia
• Cuccureddu de Zeppara, Guspini, Sardinia
• Is Aruttas Santas, Villaurbana, Sardinia
• Cyclopean Isles, Sicily
• Motta Sant'Anastasia neck, Sicily
• The thrown stones, Lazio

Portugal

• Rocha dos Bordões cliffs, Flores, Azores
• Pico de Ana Ferreira, Porto Santo
• Penedo do Lexim, Mafra
• Ponta da Ajuda, Fenais da Ajuda, São Miguel island Ilha de São Miguel, Azores

Romania

• , Romania
• Thunderstruck Rocks (Detunatele), Romania

Slovakia

• Å omoÅ¡ka rock waterfall

Spain

• Punta Baja, Cabo de Gata-Níjar Natural Park, Andalusia
• Castellfollit de la Roca, Girona
• Fruiz, Biscay
• Pitón volcánico de Cancarix, Albacete
• Los Órganos, La Gomera, Canary Islands

Sweden

• Central SkÃ¥ne Volcanic Province, Sweden

Ukraine

• Bazaltove, Ukraine

North and Central America

Canada

• North Mountain, Nova Scotia
• Grand Manan Island (western shorelines), New Brunswick
• Brandywine Falls Provincial Park, British Columbia
• Cardiff Mountain, Chilcotin Plateau, British Columbia
• Keremeos Columns, Keremeos, British Columbia
• Aberdeen Columns, Lavington, British Columbia
• Wells Gray Provincial Park, British Columbia (Moul Falls, Dragon's Tongue, Helmcken Falls)
• Mount Edziza volcanic complex, British Columbia
• Level Mountain, British Columbia
• Teapot Mountain, Prince George, British Columbia
• Kelowna, British Columbia (Mount Boucherie, Spion Kopje)
• Devils Woodpile, British Columbia (Cathedral Provincial Park)
• Tow Hill, British Columbia
• Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec
• Simpson Island, Lake Superior National Marine Conservation Area, Rossport, Ontario
• Miles Canyon, Whitehorse, Yukon

Costa Rica

• Bajo Rodriguez, San Lorenzo de San Ramon

El Salvador

• Cascada Los Tercios, Suchitoto
• Concepción waterfall, Aculco

Greenland

• Qeqertarsuaq, Disko Island

Guadeloupe

• Pain de sucre (sugar loaf) Îles des Saintes, Guadeloupe

Guatemala

• Chicovix, Quetzaltenango Department

Mexico

• Basaltic Prisms of Santa María Regla in Huasca de Ocampo, Hidalgo
• Salto de San Anton in Cuernavaca, Morelos
• Flor De La Vida Retreat in Mascota, Jalisco

Panama

• Los Ladrillos, Boquete

United States

• Akun Island, Alaska
• Block Mountain, Montana (along the lower Big Hole River)
• Boiling Pots, Hilo, Hawaii (exposed by the Wailuku River)
• Cascade Range, Oregon, in Eugene and southeast of Molalla
• Columbia Plateau, Washington
• Columns of the Giants, Stanislaus National Forest, California
• Compton Peak in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia
• Devils Postpile National Monument, California
• Devils Tower National Monument, Wyoming
• Drumheller Channels National Natural Landmark, Washington
• Elk River Falls, Idaho
• Hughes Mountain, Missouri
• Hyalite Falls, Gallatin Mountain Range, Montana
• Whiterock Canyon, New Mexico, various cliffs and mesas from Otowi to Cochiti.
• Latourell Falls, Oregon
• Mount Tom, Massachusetts
• Machado Postpile, Amador County, California
• Palisades Sill, New Jersey and New York, along the Hudson River
• Paul Bunyan's Woodpile, Juab County, Utah
• Pinnacle Peak, King County, Washington
• Sheepeater Cliff & multiple other areas in Yellowstone National Park
• Hemlock Falls, First Watchung Mountain, South Mountain Reservation, South Orange, New Jersey
• South Puyallup River Campsite, Mount Rainier National Park, Washington
• Spokane, Washington (W Airport Dr. onramp)
• Stanford Rock, Lake Tahoe, California
• Sweetwater Canyon, Madison County, Montana
• Toketee Falls, Oregon
• Turtleback Mountain, Moultonborough, New Hampshire
• Whatcom County, Washington

Oceania

Australia

• Bombo Latite, Bombo, New South Wales
• Narooma Basalt, Narooma, New South Wales
• Fingal Head, New South Wales
• Battery Rock Rest Area, Located on the Golden Highway, 15 kilometres southeast of Merriwa and 19 kilometres northwest of Sandy Hollow on the western side of the highway. NSW
• Sawn Rocks, Mount Kaputar National Park, New South Wales
• Glass House Mountains, Queensland
• Burleigh Head National Park, Queensland
• Mount Scoria Conservation Park, Thangool, Queensland
• Ben Lomond National Park, Tasmania
• Cape Raoul, Tasmania
• Ruined Castle, Falls Creek, Victoria
• Organ Pipes National Park, Victoria
• Barfold Gorge, Campaspe River, Victoria
• Black Point, D'Entrecasteaux National Park, Western Australia
• Wyalup-Rocky Point, Bunbury, Western Australia

Federated States of Micronesia

• Pwisehn Malek, Pohnpei, Caroline Islands

New Zealand

• Blackhead, Dunedin
• Bridal Veil Falls, Raglan
• Ohira Bay, Chatham Islands
• The Organ Pipes, Mount Cargill, Dunedin
• Paratahi Island, Auckland
• Second Beach, Dunedin
• Mount Somers / Te Kiekie, Canterbury

South America

• Ancud Volcanic Complex, Chile
• Mocho Volcano, Chile
• Pino Hachado Caldera, Neuquén Province, Argentina
• Pedras do Cambira, Apucarana, Brazil

Beyond Earth

Several exposures of columnar jointing have been discovered on the planet Mars by the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera, which is carried by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO). Notable among them are formations in the Marte Vallis.

Uses

A likely Hindu-origin ancient site at Gunung Padang in West Java, Indonesia was built by horizontally laying basalt columns to form terraces on the slope of a hill and creating open-roofed chambers by erecting vertical columns. A now-ruined thirteenth-century religious complex called Nan Madol was built using columnar basalt quarried from various locations on the island of Pohnpei in Micronesia.

Hexagonal basalt was used to build retaining walls by early settlers in some places around Dunedin in New Zealand.

Gallery

See also

• Ringing rocks

References