The paleognaths (Palaeognathae) are a clade of bird species of gondwanic distribution in Africa, South America, New Guinea, Australia and New Zealand. The group have more than 50 living species and includes the ostriches, rheas, kiwis, emus, cassowaries and tinamous. They are, with Neognathae, the two main lineages of modern birds (Neornithes). Extinct species assignment follows the Mikko's Phylogeny Archive, Paleofile.com website and Brodkob.
Summary of 2006 IUCN Red List categories
<div style="width: 600px; border:1px solid #ccc; font-size:80%; text-align:center; padding:2px;">
</div> Conservation status [v2017.3, the data is current as of May 8, 2018]:
- extinct,
- extinct in the wild
- critically endangered
- endangered
- vulnerable
- near threatened
- least concern
- data deficient
- not evaluated
Phylogeny
Phylogeny based on the work of John Boyd.
Species
Order Struthioniformes
Order Rheiformes
- Family â Opistodactylidae<small> Ameghino 1895</small> (fossil)
- Genus â Opisthodactylus <small>Ameghino 1895</small> (Miocene of Argentina) - rheid?
- â Opisthodactylus horacioperezi <small>Agnolin & Chafrat 2015</small>
- â Opisthodactylus patagonicus <small>Ameghino 1895</small>
- â Opisthodactylus kirchneri <small>Noriega et al. 2017</small>
- Family Rheidae <small>Bonaparte 1853</small> (rheas)
- Genus â Heterorhea <small>Rovereto 1914</small> (fossil: Pliocene of Argentina)
- â Heterorhea dabbenei <small>Rovereto 1914</small>
- Genus â Hinasuri <small>Tambussi 1995</small> (fossil)
- â Hinasuri nehuensis <small>Tambussi 1995</small>
- Genus â Protorhea <small>Moreno & Mercerat 1891</small>
- â Protorhea azarae <small>Moreno & Mercerat 1891</small>
- Genus Rhea <small>Brisson 1760</small>
- ?â Rhea anchorenense <small>(Ameghino & Rusconi 1932)</small>
- ?â Rhea fossilis <small>Moreno & Mercerat 1891</small>
- ?â Rhea mesopotamica <small>(AgnolÃÂn & Noriega 2012)</small>
- ?â Rhea subpampeana <small>Moreno & Mercerat 1891</small>
- Rhea americana <small>(Linnaeus 1758) Brisson 1760</small> (common rhea)
- R. a. americana <small>(Linnaeus 1758)</small> (American rhea)
- R. a. intermedia <small>Rothschild & Chubb 1914</small> (intermediate rhea)
- R. a. albescens <small>(Lynch & Holmberg 1878)</small> (Argentine rhea)
- R. a. nobilis <small>Brodkorb 1939</small>
- R. a. araneipes <small>Brodkorb 1938</small>
- Rhea pennata <small>d'Orbigny 1834</small> (lesser rhea)
- R. p. pennata <small>d'Orbigny 1834</small> (Darwin's lesser rhea)
- R. p. garleppi <small>(Chubb 1913)</small> (Garlepp's rhea)
- R. p. tarapacensis <small>(Chubb 1913)</small> (Tarapacá/Puna Rhea)
Order Casuariiformes
- Family Casuariidae <small>Kaup 1847</small> (cassowaries & emus)
- Genus Casuarius <small>Brisson 1760</small>
- Casuarius bennetti <small>Gould 1857</small> (dwarf cassowary)
- C. b. bennetti <small>Gould 1857</small> (Bennett's cassowary)
- C. b. westermanni <small>(Sclater 1874)</small> (Papuan dwarf cassowary)
- Casuarius casuarius <small>(Linnaeus 1758) Brisson 1760</small> (southern cassowary)
- â Casuarius lydekkeri <small>Rothschild 1911</small> (pygmy cassowary)
- Casuarius unappendiculatus <small>Blyth 1860</small> (northern cassowary)
- Genus â Diogenornis <small>de Alvarenga 1983</small> tentatively placed here
- â Diogenornis fragilis <small>de Alvarenga 1983</small>
- Genus â Emuarius <small>Boles 1992</small> (Emuwaries) (fossil: Late Oligocene - Late Miocene)
- â Emuarius guljaruba <small>Boles 2001</small>
- â Emuarius gidju <small>(Patterson & Rich 1987) Boles 1992</small>
- Genus Dromaius <small>Vieillot 1816</small> (emus) (1 living species, 2 recently extinct)
- Dromaius novaehollandiae <small>(Latham 1790) Vieillot 1816</small>
- D. n. novaehollandiae <small>(Latham 1790) Vieillot 1816</small> (mainland emu)
- â D. n. baudinianus <small>Parker 1984</small> (Kangaroo Island emu) 1827
- â D. n. diemenensis <small>(Jennings 1827) Le Souef 1907</small> (Tasmanian emu) c.1845-1884
- â D. n. minor <small>Spencer 1906</small> (King Island/black emu) 1822
- â Dromaius ocypus <small>(Miller 1963)</small>
- â Dromaius arleyekweke<small> (Yates & Worthy 2019)</small>
Order Apterygiformes
- Family Apterygidae <small>Gray 1840</small> (kiwis)
- Genus â Proapteryx <small>Worthy et al. 2013</small>
- â Proapteryx micromeros <small>Worthy et al. 2013</small>
- Genus Apteryx <small>Shaw 1813</small>
- Apteryx australis <small>Shaw 1813</small> (southern brown kiwi or tokoeka)
- A. a. lawryi <small>(Rothschild 1893)</small> (Stewart Island tokoeka)
- A. a. australis <small>Shaw 1813</small> (Fiordland/Haast tokoeka)
- Apteryx haastii <small>Potts 1872</small> (great spotted kiwi)
- Apteryx mantelli <small>Bartlett 1852</small> (North Island brown kiwi)
- Apteryx owenii <small>Gould 1847</small> (little spotted kiwi)
- â A. o. iredalei <small>(Mathews 1935)</small> (North Island little spotted kiwi) late 19th century
- A. o. owenii <small>Gould 1847</small> (South Island little spotted kiwi)
- Apteryx rowi <small>Tennyson et al. 2003</small> (Okarito brown kiwi)
Order â Aepyornithiformes
- Family â Aepyornithidae <small>Bonaparte 1853</small> (elephant birds)
- Genus â Aepyornis <small>St. Hilaire 1850</small> (4 species)
- â Aepyornis gracilis <small>Monnier 1913</small> (gracile elephant bird)
- â Aepyornis hildebrandti <small>Burckhardt 1893</small> (Hildebrandt's elephant bird)
- â Aepyornis maximus <small>St. Hilaire 1851</small> 16th century
- â Aepyornis medius <small>Milne-Edwards & Grandidier 1866</small> (medium/greater elephant bird) 16th century
- Genus â Mullerornis <small>Milne-Edwards & Grandidier 1894</small> (4 species)
- â Mullerornis agilis <small>Milne-Edwards & Grandidier 1894</small> (agile/coastal elephant bird)
- â Mullerornis betsilei <small>Milne-Edwards & Grandidier 1894</small> (Betsile elephant bird)
- ?â Mullerornis grandis <small>Lamberton 1934</small>
- â Mullerornis rudis <small>Milne-Edwards & Grandidier 1894</small> (robust elephant bird)
Order â Dinornithiformes
- Family â Dinornithidae <small>Owen 1843</small>
- Genus â Dinornis <small>Owen 1843</small> (giant moas)
- â Dinornis novaezealandiae <small>Owen 1843</small> (North Island giant moa)
- â Dinornis robustus <small>(Owen 1846) Bunce et al. 2003</small> (South Island giant moa)
- Family â Megalapteryidae
- Genus â Megalapteryx <small>Haast 1886</small>
- â Megalapteryx didinus <small>(Owen 1883) Haast 1886</small> (upland moa) late 15th century
- Family â Emeidae <small>Bonaparte 1854</small> (lesser moas)
- Genus â Anomalopteryx <small>Reichenbach 1853</small>
- â Anomalopteryx didiformis <small>(Owen 1844) Reichenbach 1853</small> (bush moa)
- Genus â Emeus <small>Reichenbach 1853</small>
- â Emeus crassus <small>(Owen 1846) Reichenbach 1853 non Parker 1895</small> (eastern moa)
- Genus â Euryapteryx <small>Haast 1874</small> (broad-billed moas)
- â Euryapteryx curtus <small>(Owen 1846)</small> (stout-legged moa)
- â Euryapteryx gravis <small>(Owen 1870) Haast 1874</small> (coastal moa)
- Genus â Pachyornis<small> Lydekker 1891</small> (stout moas)
- â Pachyornis australis <small>Oliver 1949</small> (crested moa)
- â Pachyornis elephantopus <small>(Owen 1856) Lydekker 1891 non Cracraft 1976</small> (heavy-footed moa)
- â Pachyornis geranoides <small>(Owen 1848) Worthy 2005</small> (Mantell's moa)
Order â Lithornithiformes
- Family â Lithornithidae <small>Houde 1988</small> (false tinamous)
- Genus â Calciavis <small>Nesbitt & Clarke 2016</small> (early Eocene of Wyoming, USA)
- â Calciavis grandei <small>Nesbitt & Clarke 2016</small>
- Genus â Fissuravis <small>Mayr 2007</small> (Paleocene of Germany)
- â Fissuravis weigelti <small>Mayr 2007</small>
- Genus â Lithornis <small>Owen 1840</small> (Paleocene - Eocene)
- â Lithornis celetius <small>Houde 1988</small>
- â Lithornis hookeri <small>Harrison 1984</small>
- â Lithornis nasi <small>Harrison 1984</small>
- â Lithornis plebius <small>Houde 1988</small>
- â Lithornis promiscuus <small>Houde 1988</small>
- â Lithornis vulturinus <small>Owen 1840</small>
- Genus â Paracathartes <small>Harrison 1979</small> (early Eocene of Wyoming, USA) - tentatively placed here
- â Paracathartes howardae <small>Harrison 1979</small>
- Genus â Pseudocrypturus <small>Houde 1988</small> (early Eocene of Wyoming, USA)
- â Pseudocrypturus cercanaxius <small>Houde 1988</small>
Order Tinamiformes
- Family Tinamidae <small>Gray 1840</small> (tinamous)
- Genus â Roveretornis <small>Brodkorb 1961</small>
- Genus â Querandiornis <small>Rusconi 1958</small>
- â Querandiornis romani <small>Rusconi 1958</small>
- Subfamily Tinaminae (forest tinamous)
- Genus Crypturellus <small>Brabourne & Chubb 1914</small> (brown tinamous)
- â Crypturellus reai <small>Chandler 2012</small>
- Crypturellus atrocapillus <small>(Tschudi 1844)</small> (black-capped tinamou)
- C. a. atrocapillus <small>(Tschudi 1844)</small> (Black-capped Tinamou)
- C. a. garleppi <small>(von Berlepsch 1892)</small>(Garlepp's Tinamou)
- Crypturellus bartletti <small>(Sclater & Salvin 1873)</small> (Bartlett's tinamou)
- Crypturellus berlepschi <small>(Rothschild 1897)</small> (Berlepsch's tinamou)
- Crypturellus boucardi <small>(Sclater 1860)</small> (slaty-breasted tinamou)
- C. b. boucardi <small>(Sclater 1860)</small> (Boucard's tinamou)
- C. b. costaricensis <small>(Dwight & Griscom 1924)</small> (Costa Rica tinamou)
- Crypturellus brevirostris <small>(Pelzeln 1863)</small> (rusty tinamou)
- Crypturellus casiquiare <small>(Chapman 1929)</small> (barred tinamou)
- Crypturellus cinereus <small>(Gmelin 1789)</small> (cinereous tinamou)
- Crypturellus cinnamomeus <small>(Lesson 1842)</small> (thicket tinamou)
- C. c. occidentalis <small>(Salvadori 1895)</small> (Western Thicket Tinamou)
- C. c. cinnamomeus <small>(Lesson 1842)</small> (cinnamomeous tinamou)
- C. c. delatrii <small>(Bonaparte 1854)</small> (Nicaraguan tinamou)
- C. c. goldmani <small>(Nelson 1901)</small> (Goldman's tinamou)
- C. c. mexicanus <small>(Salvadori 1895)</small> (Mexican tinamou)
- C. c. praepes <small>(Bangs & Peters 1927)</small> (Bolson tinamou)
- C. c. sallaei <small>(Bonaparte 1856)</small> (Sallé's tinamou)
- C. c. soconuscensis <small>Brodkorb 1939 </small>(Chiapan tinamou)
- C. c. vicinior <small>Conover 1933</small> (Honduran tinamou)
- Crypturellus duidae <small>Zimmer 1938</small> (grey-legged tinamou)
- Crypturellus erythropus <small>(Pelzeln 1863)</small> (red-legged tinamou)
- C. e. columbianus <small>(Salvadori 1895)</small> (Colombian tinamou)
- C. e. cursitans <small>Wetmore & Phelps 1946</small>
- C. e. erythropus <small>(Pelzeln 1863)</small>
- C. e. idoneus <small>(Todd 1919)</small> (Santa Marta tinamou)
- C. e. margaritae <small>Phelps & Phelps 1948</small>
- â C. e. saltuarius <small>Wetmore 1950</small> (Magdalena tinamou) late 20th century
- C. e. spencei <small>(Brabourne & Chubb 1914)</small>
- Crypturellus kerriae <small>(Chapman 1915)</small> (Choco tinamou)
- Crypturellus noctivagus <small>(zu Wied-Neuwied 1820)</small> (yellow-legged tinamou)
- C. n. zabele <small>(von Spix 1825)</small>
- C. n. noctivagus <small>(zu Wied-Neuwied 1820)</small>
- Crypturellus obsoletus <small>(Temminck 1815)</small> (brown tinamou)
- C. o. castaneus <small>(Sclater 1858)</small>
- C. o. cerviniventris <small>(Sclater & Salvin 1873)</small> (cinnamon-bellied/fawn-vented brown tinamou)
- C. o. griseiventris <small>(Salvadori 1895)</small> (gray-bellied/vented brown tinamou)
- C. o. hypochrceus <small>(Miranda-Ribeiro 1938)</small>
- C. o. knoxi <small>Phelps 1976</small>
- C. o. obsoletus <small>(Temminck 1815)</small> (obsolete brown tinamou)
- C. o. ochraceiventris <small>(Stolzmann 1926)</small> (ochre-bellied brown tinamou)
- C. o. punensis <small>(Chubb 1917)</small> (Puno brown tinamou)
- C. o. traylori <small>Blake 1961</small> (Traylor's brown Tinamou)
- Crypturellus parvirostris <small>(Wagler 1827)</small> (small-billed tinamou)
- Crypturellus ptaritepui <small>Zimmer & Phelps 1945</small> (Tepui tinamou)
- Crypturellus soui <small>(Hermann 1783)</small> (little tinamou)
- C. s. albigularis <small>(Brabourne & Chubb 1914)</small> (white-throated pileated tinamou)
- C. s. andrei <small>(Brabourne & Chubb 1914)</small> (Andre's pileated tinamou)
- C. s. capnodes <small>Wetmore 1963</small>
- C. s. caquetae <small>(Chapman 1915)</small> (Caquetá pileated tinamou)
- C. s. caucae <small>(Chapman 1912)</small> (Cauca pileated tinamou)
- C. s. harterti <small>(Brabourne & Chubb 1914)</small> (Hartert's pileated tinamou)
- C. s. inconspicuus <small>Carriker 1935</small> (Bolivian pileated tinamou)
- C. s. meserythrus <small>(Sclater 1860)</small> (Mexican/Guatemalan pileated tinamou)
- C. s. modestus <small>(Cabanis 1869)</small> (Cabanis's pileated tinamou)
- C. s. mustelinus <small>(Bangs 1905)</small> (Santa Marta pileated tinamou)
- C. s. nigriceps <small>(Chapman 1923)</small> (black-pileated tinamou)
- C. s. panamensis <small>(Carriker 1910)</small> (Panama pileated tinamou)
- C. s. poliocephalu <small>(Aldrich 1937)</small> (gray-headed pileated tinamou)
- C. s. soui <small>(Hermann 1783)</small> (pileated tinamou)
- Crypturellus strigulosus <small>(Temminck 1815)</small> (Brazilian tinamou)
- Crypturellus tataupa <small>(Temminck 1815)</small> (Tataupa tinamou)
- C. t. inops <small>Bangs & Noble 1918</small>
- C. t. lepidotus <small>(Swainson 1837)</small>
- C. t. peruvianus <small>(Cory 1915)</small>
- C. t. tataupa <small>(Temminck 1815)</small>
- Crypturellus transfasciatus <small>(Sclater & Salvin 1878)</small> (pale-browed tinamou)
- Crypturellus undulatus <small>(Temminck 1815)</small> (undulated tinamou)
- C. u. adspersus <small>(Temminck 1815)</small> (Temminck's banded tinamou)
- C. u. manapiare <small>Phelps & Phelps 1952</small>
- C. u. simplex <small>(Salvadori 1895)</small> (modest banded tinamou)
- C. u. undulatus <small>(Temminck 1815)</small> (Undulated/banded/radiated Tinamou)
- C. u. vermiculatus <small>(Temminck 1825)</small> (vermiculated tinamou)
- C. u. yaputa <small>(von Spix 1825)</small> (Yapurá banded tinamou)
- Crypturellus variegatus <small>(Gmelin 1789)</small> (variegated tinamou)
- Genus Tinamus <small>Hermann 1783</small>
- Tinamus guttatus <small>Pelzeln 1863</small> (pale white-throated tinamou)
- Tinamus major <small>(Gmelin 1789)</small> (great tinamou)
- T. m. brunneiventris <small>Aldrich 1937</small> (brown-breasted tinamou)
- T. m. castaneiceps <small>Salvadori 1895</small> (chestnut-crowned tinamou)
- T. m. fuscipennis <small>Salvadori 1895</small> (dusky-winged tinamou)
- T. m. latifrons <small>Salvadori 1895</small> (Ecuadorian/slate-fronted tinamou)
- T. m. major <small>(Gmelin 1789)</small> (Guiana great tinamou)
- T. m. olivascens <small>Conover 1937</small> (olivaceous tinamou)
- T. m. percautus <small>van Tyne 1935</small> (Petén tinamou)
- T. m. peruvianus <small>Bonaparte 1856</small> (Peruvian tinamou)
- T. m. robustus <small>Sclater & Salvin 1868</small> (robust/great Mexican tinamou)
- T. m. saturatus <small>Griscom 1929</small> (saturated tinamou)
- T. m. serratus <small>(von Spix 1825)</small> (Rio Negro tinamou)
- T. m. zuliensis <small>Osgood & Conover 1922</small> (Zulia tinamou)
- Tinamus osgoodi <small>Conover 1949</small> (black tinamou)
- T. o. hershkovitzi <small>Blake 1953</small>
- T. o. osgoodi <small>Conover 1949</small> (Huila black tinamou)
- Tinamus solitarius <small>(Vieillot 1819)</small> (solitary tinamou)
- Tinamus tao <small>Temminck 1815</small> (grey tinamou) A3c
- T. t. kleei <small>(Tschudi 1843)</small> (Klee's tinamou)
- T. t. larensis <small>Phelps & Phelps 1949</small> (Lara tinamou)
- T. t. septentrionalis <small>Brabourne & Chubb 1913</small> (northern gray tinamou)
- T. t. tao <small>Temminck 1815</small> (great gray tinamou)
- Genus Nothocercus <small>Bonaparte 1846</small>
- Nothocercus bonapartei <small>(Gray 1867)</small> (highland tinamou)
- N. b. frantzii subspecies-group
- N. b. frantzii <small>(Lawrence 1868)</small> (Frantzius'/Costa Rican tinamou)
- N. b. bonapartei subspecies-group
- N. b. bonapartei <small>(Gray 1867)</small> (Bonaparte's highland tinamou)
- N. b. discrepans <small>Friedmann 1947</small> (Colombian highland tinamou)
- N. b. intercedens <small>Salvadori 1895</small> (Antioquia/Salvadori's white-throated tinamou)
- N. b. plumbeiceps <small>Lonnberg & Rendahl 1922</small> (gray-capped tinamou)
- Nothocercus julius <small>(Bonaparte 1854)</small> (tawny-breasted tinamou)
- Nothocercus nigrocapillus <small>(Gray 1867)</small> (hooded tinamou) A3c
- N. n. cadwaladeri <small>Carriker 1933</small> (Cadwalader's tinamou)
- N. n. nigrocapillus <small>(Gray 1867)</small>
- Subfamily Nothurinae (Steppe tinamous)
- Genus Eudromia <small>Saint-Hilaire 1832</small> (crested tinamous)
- â Eudromia intermedia <small>(Rovereto 1914)</small>
- â Eudromia olsoni <small>Tambussi & Tonni 1985</small>
- Eudromia elegans <small>Saint-Hilaire 1832</small> (elegant crested tinamou)
- E. e. albida <small>(Wetmore 1921)</small> (pale elegant tinamou)
- E. e. devia <small>Conover 1950</small> (Neuquen elegant tinamou)
- E. e. elegans <small>Saint-Hilaire 1832</small> (Elegant crested tinamou)
- E. e. intermedia <small>(Dabbene & Lillo 1913)</small> (Tucuman elegant tinamou)
- E. e. magnistriata <small>Olrog 1959</small> (Santiago del Estero crested tinamou)
- E. e. multiguttata <small>Conover 1950</small> (eastern elegant tinamou)
- E. e. numida <small>Banks 1977</small>
- E. e. patagonica <small>Conover 1950</small> (southern elegant tinamou)
- E. e. riojana <small>Olrog 1959</small> (La Rioja crested tinamou)
- E. e. wetmorei <small>Banks 1977</small>
- Eudromia formosa <small>(Lillo 1905)</small> (quebracho crested tinamou)
- E. f. formosa <small>(Lillo 1905)</small> (Lillo's crested tinamou)
- E. f. mira <small>Brodkorb 1938</small> (Paraguayan crested tinamou)
- Genus Nothoprocta <small>Sclater & Salvin 1873</small>
- Nothoprocta cinerascens <small>(Burmeister 1860)</small> (brushland tinamou)
- N. c. cinerascens <small>(Burmeister 1860)</small>
- N. c. parvimaculata <small>Olrog 1959</small>
- Nothoprocta curvirostris <small>Sclater & Salvin 1873</small> (curve-billed tinamou)
- N. c. curvirostris <small>Sclater & Salvin 1873</small>
- N. c. peruviana <small>Taczanowski 1886</small> (Peruvian tinamou)
- Nothoprocta ornata <small>(Gray 1867)</small> (ornate tinamou)
- N. o. branickii <small>Taczanowski 1875</small> (Branicki's tinamou)
- N. o. ornata <small>(Gray 1867)</small>(Ornate Tinamou)
- N. o. rostrata <small>von Berlepsch 1907</small> (long-billed tinamou)
- Nothoprocta pentlandii <small>(Gray 1867)</small> (Andean tinamou)
- N. p. ambigua <small>Cory 1915</small>
- N. p. doeringi <small>Schulz ex Cabanis 1878</small>
- N. p. fulvescens <small>Berlepsch 1902</small> (fulvescent tinamou)
- N. p. mendozae <small>Banks & Bohl 1968</small>
- N. p. niethammeri <small>Koepcke 1968</small>
- N. p. oustaleti <small>von Berlepsch & Stolzmann 1901</small> (Oustalet's tinamou)
- N. p. pentlandii <small>(Gray 1867)</small> (Pentland's tinamou)
- Nothoprocta perdicaria <small>(Kittlitz 1830)</small> (Chilean tinamou)
- N. p. perdicaria <small>(Kittlitz 1830)</small> (Chilean Tinamou)
- N. p. sanborni <small>Conover 1924</small> (Sanborn's tinamou)
- Nothoprocta taczanowskii <small>Sclater & Salvin 1875</small> (Taczanowski's tinamou)
- Genus Nothura <small>Wagler 1827</small> (nothuras)
- â Nothura paludosa <small>Mercerat 1897</small>
- â Nothura parvula <small>(Rovereto) Tambussi 1989</small>
- Nothura boraquira <small>(von Spix 1825)</small> (white-bellied nothura)
- Nothura chacoensis <small>(Conover 1937)</small> (Chaco nothura)
- Nothura darwinii <small>Gray 1867</small> (Darwin's nothura)
- N. d. agassizii <small>Bangs 1910</small> (Agassiz's tinamou)
- N. d. boliviana <small>Salvadori 1895</small> (Bolivian tinamou)
- N. d. darwinii <small>Gray 1867</small> (Darwin's tinamou)
- N. d. peruviana <small>von Berlepsch & Stolzmann 1906</small> (Peruvian nothura)
- N. d. salvadorii <small>Hartert 1909</small> (Argentine tinamou)
- Nothura maculosa <small>(Temminck 1815)</small> (spotted nothura)
- N. m. annectens <small>Conover 1950</small>
- N. m. cearensis <small>Naumberg 1932</small> (Ceará nothura)
- N. m. maculosa <small>(Temminck 1815)</small>(Spotted Tinamou)
- N. m. major <small>(von Spix 1825)</small> (Spix's nothura)
- N. m. nigroguttata <small>Salvadori 1895</small> (black-spotted nothura)
- N. m. pallida <small>Olrog 1959</small>
- N. m. paludivaga <small>Conover 1950</small>
- N. m. submontan <small>Conover 1937</small>
- Nothura minor <small>(von Spix 1825)</small> (lesser nothura) C2a(i)
- Genus Rhynchotus <small>von Spix 1825</small>
- Rhynchotus maculicollis <small>Gray 1867</small> (Huayco tinamou)
- Rhynchotus rufescens <small>(Temminck 1815) von Spix 1825</small> (red-winged tinamou)
- R. r. catingae <small>Reiser 1905</small> (catinga tinamou)
- R. r. pallescens <small>Kothe 1907</small> (Argentine tinamou)
- R. r. rufescens <small>(Temminck 1815)</small> (rufous tinamou)
- Genus Taoniscus <small>Gloger 1841</small>
- Taoniscus nanus <small>(Temminck 1815) Gloger 1841</small> (dwarf tinamou) A2c+3c+4c
- Genus Tinamotis <small>Vigors 1837</small>
- Tinamotis ingoufi <small>Oustalet 1890</small> (Patagonian tinamou)
- Tinamotis pentlandii <small>Vigors 1837</small> (Puna tinamou)
Sometimes placed here
Ichnotaxa and ootaxa
See also
References