The 108th United States Congress began on January 3, 2003. There were nine new senators (seven Republicans, two Democrats) and 53 new representatives (32 Republicans, 21 Democrats), as well as one new delegate (a Democrat), at the start of its first session. Additionally, four representatives (three Democrats, one Republican) took office on various dates in order to fill vacancies during the 108th Congress before it ended on January 3, 2005.
Due to redistricting after the 2000 census, 16 representatives were elected from newly established congressional districts.