This is a list of investigational agitation drugs, or drugs that are currently under development for clinical use in the treatment of agitation, for instance in people with dementia or autism, but are not yet approved.
Chemical/generic names are listed first, with developmental code names, synonyms, and brand names in parentheses.
This list was last comprehensively updated in February 2025. It is likely to become outdated with time.
Under development
Phase 3
- Aripiprazole (Abilify) â atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
- Bupropion/dextromethorphan (AXS-05; Auvelity) â sigma ÃÂ<sub>1</sub> receptor agonist, serotonin reuptake inhibitor, norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor negative allosteric modulator, ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist, other actions, and CYP2D6 inhibitor combination
- Deudextromethorphan/quinidine (AVP-786; CTP-786; d-DM) â sigma ÃÂ<sub>1</sub> receptor agonist, serotonin reuptake inhibitor, ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist, other actions, and CYP2D6 inhibitor combination
- Masupirdine (SUVN502; SVN-502) â serotonin 5-HT<sub>6</sub> receptor antagonist
Phase 2/3
- Deramciclane (EXV-801) â serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonist, serotonin 5-HT2C receptor inverse agonist, GABA reuptake inhibitor, and weak CYP2D6 inhibitor
- Deramciclane/dextromethorphan (EXV-802; Deraphan) combination of deramciclane (serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonist, serotonin 5-HT2C receptor inverse agonist, GABA reuptake inhibitor, and weak CYP2D6 inhibitor) and dextromethorphan (sigma ÃÂ<sub>1</sub> receptor agonist, serotonin reuptake inhibitor, ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist, other actions)
Phase 2
Phase 1
- Dexmedetomidine sublingual (iXB-120) â ñ<sub>2</sub>-adrenergic receptor agonist
- NMRA-511 (BTRX-323511; NMRA-323511) â vasopressin V<sub>1A</sub> receptor antagonist
- SAL-0114 â undefined mechanism of action
Preclinical
- BXCL-502 â "potent and selective antagonist for a GPCR target affecting serotonergic signaling in the cerebral cortex"
Not under development
No development reported
- Cannabidiol (RLS-102) â cannabinoid receptor modulator
- Scyllo-inositol â ò-amyloid inhibitor â specifically for agitation in Alzheimer's disease
- SEP-380135 â undefined mechanism of action
- Zolmitriptan (ML-004) â serotonin 5-HT<sub>1B</sub> and 5-HT<sub>1D</sub> receptor agonist
Development discontinued
- ALKS-7119 ((9ñ,13ñ)-17-methylmorphinan-3-carboxamide; dextromethorphan analogue) â serotonin reuptake inhibitor and ü-opioid, ñ<sub>1A</sub>-adrenergic, ñ<sub>1B</sub>-adrenergic, NMDA, and sigma ÃÂ<sub>1</sub> receptor modulator
- Dextromethorphan/quinidine (AVP-923; Neurodex; Nuedexta; Zenvia) â sigma ÃÂ<sub>1</sub> receptor agonist, serotonin reuptake inhibitor, ionotropic glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist, other actions, and CYP2D6 inhibitor combination
- Mibampator (LY-451395) â ionotropic glutamate AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator
- Olanzapine intranasal (INP-105; POD⢠olanzapine) â atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
Clinically used drugs
Approved drugs
- Brexpiprazole (Rexulti) â atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
- Dexmedetomidine (Igalmi) â ñ<sub>2</sub>-adrenergic receptor agonist
- Loxapine inhalation (Adasuve; ALXZ-004; AZ-004; Staccato Loxapine) â antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
- Paliperidone (Invega) â atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator)
Off-label drugs
See also
References
External links