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List of hybrid vehicles

This is a list of hybrid vehicles. A hybrid could theoretically have any two power sources, but hybrid vehicles have typically combined an internal combustion engine with a battery and electric motor(s).

This list includes both regular hybrid electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids, in chronological order of first production. Since Porsche made the first hybrid car in 1899 there have been a number of hybrid vehicles; but there was a marked increase in interest in, and development of, hybrid vehicles for personal transport in the late 1990s.

Automobiles

Overview by decade

Early designs: 1899–1917

  • 1899: Carmaker Pieper of Belgium introduced a vehicle with an under-seat electric motor and a gasoline engine. It used the internal combustion engine to charge its batteries at cruise speed and used both motors to accelerate or climb a hill. Auto-Mixte, also of Belgium, built vehicles from 1906 to 1912 under the Pieper patents.
  • 1900: Ferdinand Porsche, then a young engineer at Jacob Lohner & Co. creates the first gasoline–electric hybrid vehicles.
  • 1901: Jacob Lohner & Co. produces the first Lohner–Porsche, a series of gasoline–electric hybrid vehicles based on employee Ferdinand Porsche's novel drivetrain. These vehicles had a driveline that was either gas or electric, but not both at the same time.
  • 1905 or sooner: Fischer Motor Vehicle Co., Hoboken, NJ produces and sells a petrol–electric omnibus in the United States and in London, including battery storage.
  • 1907: AL (French car)
  • 1917: Woods Dual Power Car had a driveline similar to the current GMC/Chevrolet Silverado hybrid pickup truck.

Concepts

  • 1989: Audi Duo, first Audi hybrid based on the Audi C3 100 Avant
  • 1991: Audi Duo II
  • 2008: Chrysler Town and Country Plug-in hybrid, part of Fiat Chrysler group called ENVI to make hybrid and electric cars
  • 2008: Jeep Wrangler Plug-in hybrid, part of Fiat Chrysler group called ENVI to make hybrid and electric cars
  • 2009: Jeep Patriot Plug-in hybrid, part of Fiat Chrysler group called ENVI to make hybrid and electric cars
  • 2009: Chrysler 200C Plug-in hybrid, part of Fiat Chrysler group called ENVI to make hybrid and electric cars
  • 2010: Ram 1500 Plug-in hybrid

Buses

Date unknown

See also

References

External links