Below are lists of extant fern families and subfamilies using the classification scheme proposed by the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group in 2016 (PPG I). The scheme is based on molecular phylogenetic studies, and also draws on earlier classifications, particularly those by Smith et al. (2006), Chase and Reveal (2009), and Christenhusz et al. (2011). It rejects the very broad circumscription of some families used by Christenhusz and Chase (2014), whose Aspleniaceae corresponds to the entire suborder Aspleniineae of PPG I.
Systematic order
- Class Polypodiopsida <small>Cronquist, Takht. & W.Zimm.</small> (ferns, including horsetails)
*Subclass Equisetidae <small>Warm.</small> (horsetails and scouring-rushes)
:*Order Equisetales <small>DC. ex Bercht. & J.Presl</small>
:::*Family Equisetaceae <small>Michx. ex DC</small>
*Subclass Ophioglossidae <small>Klinge</small> (whisk ferns, adder's-tongues and moonworts)
:*Order Psilotales <small>Prant</small>
:::*Family Psilotaceae <small>J.W.Griff. & Henfr.</small>
:*Order Ophioglossales <small>Link</small>
:::*Family Ophioglossaceae <small>Martinov</small>
::::*Subfamily Helminthostachyoideae <small>C.Presl</small>
::::*Subfamily Mankyuoideae <small>J.R.Grant & B.Dauphin</small>
::::*Subfamily Ophioglossoideae <small>C.Presl</small>
::::*Subfamily Botrychioideae <small>C.Presl</small>
*Subclass Marattiidae <small>Klinge</small> (marattioid ferns)
:*Order Marattiales <small>Link</small>
:::*Family Marattiaceae <small>Kaulf</small>
*Subclass Polypodiidae <small>Cronquist, Takht. & W.Zimm.</small> (leptosporangiate ferns)
:*Order Osmundales <small>Link</small> (royal ferns)
:::*Family Osmundaceae <small>Martinov</small>
:*Order Hymenophyllales <small>A.B.Frank</small> (filmy ferns and bristle ferns)
:::*Family Hymenophyllaceae <small>Mart</small>
::::*Subfamily Trichomanoideae <small>C.Presl</small>
::::*Subfamily Hymenophylloideae <small>Burnett</small>
:*Order Gleicheniales <small>Schimp</small>
:::*Family Matoniaceae <small>C.Pres</small>
:::*Family Dipteridaceae <small>Seward & E.Dale</small>
:::*Family Gleicheniaceae <small>C.Presl</small>
:*Order Schizaeales <small>Schimp.</small>
:::*Family Lygodiaceae <small>M.Roem</small>
:::*Family Schizaeaceae <small>Kaulf</small>
:::*Family Anemiaceae <small>Link</small>
:*Order Salviniales <small>Link</small>
:::*Family Salviniaceae <small>Martinov</small>
:::*Family Marsileaceae <small>Mirb.</small>
:*Order Cyatheales <small>A.B.Frank</small> (tree ferns)
:::*Family Thyrsopteridaceae <small>C.Presl</small>
:::*Family Loxsomataceae <small>C.Presl</small>
:::*Family Culcitaceae <small>Pic.Serm</small>
:::*Family Plagiogyriaceae <small>Bowe</small>
:::*Family Cibotiaceae <small>Koral</small>
:::*Family Metaxyaceae <small>Pic.Serm.</small>
:::*Family Dicksoniaceae <small>M.R.Schomb.</small>
:::*Family Cyatheaceae <small>Kaulf.</small>
:*Order Polypodiales <small>Link</small>
::*Suborder Saccolomatineae <small>Hovenkamp</small>
:::*Family Saccolomataceae <small>Doweld</small>
::*Suborder Lindsaeineae <small>Lehtonen & Tuomist</small>
:::*Family Cystodiaceae <small>J.R.Croft</small>
:::*Family Lonchitidaceae <small>Doweld</small>
:::*Family Lindsaeaceae <small>C.Presl ex M.R.Schomb.</small>
::*Suborder Pteridineae <small>J.Prado & Schuettp</small>
:::*Family Pteridaceae <small>E.D.M.Kirchn.</small>
::::*Subfamily Parkerioideae <small>Burnett</small>
::::*Subfamily Cryptogrammoideae <small>S.Lindsay</small>
::::*Subfamily Pteridoideae <small>Link</small>
::::*Subfamily Vittarioideae <small>Link</small>
::::*Subfamily Cheilanthoideae <small>Horvat</small>
::*Suborder Dennstaedtiineae <small>Schwartsb. & Hovenkamp</small>
:::*Family Dennstaedtiaceae <small>Lotsy</small>
::*Suborder Aspleniineae <small>H.Schneid. & C.J.Rothf</small>
:::*Family Cystopteridaceae <small>Shmakov</small>
:::*Family Rhachidosoraceae <small>X.C.Zhang</small>
:::*Family Diplaziopsidaceae <small>X.C.Zhang & Christenh.</small>
:::*Family Desmophlebiaceae <small>Mynssen</small>
:::*Family Hemidictyaceae <small>Christenh. & H.Schneid.</small>
:::*Family Aspleniaceae <small>Newman</small>
:::*Family Woodsiaceae <small>Herter</small>
:::*Family Onocleaceae <small>Pic.Serm.</small>
:::*Family Blechnaceae <small>Newman</small>
::::*Subfamily Stenochlaenoideae <small>(Ching) J.P.Roux</small>
::::*Subfamily Woodwardioideae <small>Gasper</small>
::::*Subfamily Blechnoideae <small>Gasper, V.A.O.Dittrich & Salino</small>
:::*Family Athyriaceae <small>Alston</small>
:::*Family Thelypteridaceae <small>Ching ex Pic.Serm.</small>
::::*Subfamily Phegopteridoideae <small>Salino, A.R.Sm. & T.E.Almeid</small>
::::*Subfamily Thelypteridoideae <small>C.F.Reed</small>
::*Suborder Polypodiineae <small>Dumort.</small>
:::*Family Didymochlaenaceae <small>Ching ex Li Bing Zhang & Liang Zhang</small>
:::*Family Hypodematiaceae <small>Ching</small>
:::*Family Dryopteridaceae <small>Herter</small>
::::*Subfamily Polybotryoideae <small>H.M.Liu & X.C.Zhang</small>
::::*Subfamily Elaphoglossoideae <small>(Pic.Serm.) Crabbe, Jermy & Mickel</small>
::::*Subfamily Dryopteridoideae <small>Link</small>
::::*2 genera unassigned to a subfamily
:::*Family Nephrolepidaceae <small>Pic.Serm.</small>
:::*Family Lomariopsidaceae <small>Alston</small>
:::*Family Tectariaceae <small>Panigrahi</small>
:::*Family Oleandraceae <small>Ching ex Pic.Serm.</small>
:::*Family Davalliaceae <small>M.R.Schomb.</small>
:::*Family Polypodiaceae <small>J.Presl & C.Presl</small>
::::*Subfamily Loxogrammoideae <small>H.Schneid.</small>
::::*Subfamily Platycerioideae <small>B.K.Nayar</small>
::::*Subfamily Drynarioideae <small>Crabbe, Jermy & Mickel</small>
::::*Subfamily Microsoroideae <small>B.K.Nayar</small>
::::*Subfamily Polypodioideae <small>Sweet</small>
::::*Subfamily Grammitidoideae <small>Parris & Sundue</small>
::::*1 genus unassigned to a subfamily
Alphabetic order
See also
References