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List of capitals of subdivisions of Brazil

This is a list of the cities that are or have been considered capitals of one of the country subdivisions of Brazil.

State capitals

Acre

created out of Bolivia

Alagoas

created out of Pernambuco

  • Alagoas (1817–1822) - seat city for the Captaincy of Alagoas
  • Alagoas (1822–1839) - capital city for the Province of Alagoas
  • Maceió (1839–present) - capital city for the Province of Alagoas
  • Maceió (1889–present) - capital city for the State of Alagoas

Amapá

created out of Pará

  • Macapá (1943–1988) - seat city for the territory do Amapá
  • Macapá (1988–present) - seat city for the State of Amapá

Amazonas

created out of Pará

Bahia

Ceará

Espírito Santo

  • Vitória (1812–1822) - seat city for the Captaincy of Espírito Santo
  • Vitória (1822–1889) - seat city for the Province of Espírito Santo
  • Vitória (1889–present) - seat city for the State of Espírito Santo

Goiás

created out of São Paulo

  • Goiás (1748–1822) - seat city for the Captaincy of Goiás
  • Goiás (1822–1889) - seat city for the Province of Goiás
  • Goiás (1889–1937) - seat city for the State of Goiás
  • Goiânia (1937–present) - seat city for the State of Goiás

Maranhão

created out of Pará

Mato Grosso

created out of São Paulo

Mato Grosso do Sul

created out of Mato Grosso

  • Campo Grande (1975–present) - seat city for the State of Mato Grosso do Sul

Minas Gerais

created out of São Paulo

  • Vila Rica (1720–1822) - since 1822, named Ouro Preto; seat city for the Captaincy of Minas Gerais
  • Ouro Preto (1822–1889) - seat city for the Province of Minas Gerais
  • Ouro Preto (1889–1897) - seat city for the State of Minas Gerais
  • Belo Horizonte (1897–present) - seat city for the State of Minas Gerais

Pará

  • Belém (1737–1772) - seat city for the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão
  • Belém (1772–1822) - seat city for the State of Grão-Pará and Rio Negro
  • Belém (1822–1850) - seat city for the Province of Grão-Pará
  • Belém (1850–1889) - seat city for the Province of Pará
  • Belém (1889–present) - seat city for the State of Pará

Paraíba

Paraná

created out of São Paulo

  • Curitiba (1853–1889) - seat city for the Province of Paraná
  • Curitiba (1889–present) - seat city for the State of Paraná

Pernambuco

  • Olinda (1537–1630) - seat city for the Captaincy of Pernambuco
  • Mauritsstad or Cidade Maurícia (1630–1654) - seat city for the Dutch administration.
  • Olinda (1654–1822) - seat city for the Captaincy of Pernambuco
  • Olinda (1822–1837) - seat city for the Province of Pernambuco
  • Recife (1837–1889) - seat city for the Province of Pernambuco
  • Recife (1889–present) - seat city for the State of Pernambuco

Piauí

created out of Maranhão

  • Parnaíba (1718–1759) - seat city for the Captaincy of Piauí (subject to Maranhão)
  • Oeiras (1759–1811) - seat city for the Captaincy of Piauí (subject to Maranhão)
  • Oeiras (1811–1822) - seat city for the Captaincy of Piauí
  • Oeiras (1822–1852) - seat city for the Province of Piauí
  • Teresina (1852–1889) - seat city for the Province of Piauí
  • Teresina (1889–present) - seat city for the State of Piauí

Rio Grande do Norte

  • Captaincy of Rio Grande, sem sede (1534–1634)
  • subject to the Dutch administration (1634–1654)
  • subject to the Captaincy of Bahia (1654–1701)
  • subject to the Captaincy of Pernambuco (1701–1822)
  • Natal (1822–1889) - seat city for the Province of Rio Grande do Norte
  • Natal (1889–present) - seat city for the State of Rio Grande do Norte

Rio Grande do Sul

  • Viamão (until 1773)
  • Porto Alegre (1773–1807) - named "Porto dos Casais" until 1773
  • Porto Alegre (1807–1822) - seat city for the Captaincy of São Pedro and Rio Grande do Sul
  • Porto Alegre (1822–1889) - seat city for the Province of Rio Grande do Sul
  • Porto Alegre (1889–present) - seat city for the State of Rio Grande do Sul

Rio de Janeiro

  • Niterói (1834–1889) - até 1835, named "Vila Real da Praia Grande"; seat city for the Province of Rio de Janeiro
  • Niterói (1889–1892) - seat city for the State of Rio de Janeiro
  • Petrópolis (1894–1903) - seat city for the State of Rio de Janeiro
  • Niterói (1903–1975) - seat city for the State of Rio de Janeiro
  • Rio de Janeiro (1975–present) - seat city for the State of Rio de Janeiro

Rondônia

Created in 1943 under the name of "territory of Guaporé", out of Mato Grosso. Reorganised into the State of Rondônia in 1988.

Roraima

Created in 1943 under the name of "territory of Rio Branco", out of Amazonas. Reorganised into the State of Roraima in 1988.

  • Boa Vista (1988–present) - formerly named "Rio Branco"

Santa Catarina

created out of São Paulo

São Paulo

Sergipe

created out of Bahia

Tocantins

created out of Goiás

  • Palmas (1988–present)

Extinct federated units

Guanabara

Created in 1960 out of the territory of former Distrito Federal. Merged with the State of Rio de Janeiro in 1975.

Fernando de Noronha

Created in 1943 under the name of "territory de Fernando de Noronha". Incorporated by Pernambuco state.

  • Vila dos Remédios (main inhabited nucleus of Fernando de Noronha (1943–1988) )

Iguaçu

Created in 1943 under the name de "territory do Iguaçu". Merged back to Paraná and the Santa Catarina.

Ponta-Porã

Created in 1943 under the name de "territory de Ponta-Porã". Merged back to Mato Grosso.

São João da Palma

Built in 1808 as captaincy by decree of King João VI under the name "São João das Duas Barras", was abolished in 1814. Recreated as an autonomous province in 1821 under the name of "São João da Palma", extinct in 1823 by Pedro I of Brazil. Today part of Pará and Tocantins.

Former territories of Brazil

Cisplatina

Guiana Francesa

  • Caiena (1809–1817)

See also

References