This list of amphibians recorded in Japan is primarily based on the IUCN Red List, which details the conservation status of some ninety-four species. Of these, four are assessed as critically endangered (the endemic Amakusa salamander, Mikawa salamander, Tosashimizu salamander, and Tsukuba clawed salamander), twenty-seven as endangered, fourteen as vulnerable, eleven as near threatened, and thirty-eight as of least concern.
According to statistics accompanying the 2020 Japanese Ministry of the Environment (MoE) Red List, ninety-one species and subspecies are to be found, but the conservation status of only sixty-seven is detailed. Of these, five taxa are critically endangered from a national perspective, twenty are endangered, twenty-two vulnerable, nineteen near threatened, and one data deficient.
As of January 2023, for their protection, forty-one species have been designated National Endangered Species by Cabinet Order in accordance with the 1992 Act on Conservation of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.
Order: Anura (frogs)
- Family: Bufonidae
- Genus: Bufo
- Asiatic toad, Bufo gargarizans
- Miyako toad, B. g. miyakonis(endemic subspecies) (MoE: NT)
- Japanese common toad, Bufo japonicus (endemic)
- B. j. japonicus
- B. j. formosus
- Japanese stream toad, Bufo torrenticola (endemic)
- Genus: Rhinella
- Cane toad, Rhinella marina (introduced)
- Family: Dicroglossidae
- Genus: Fejervarya
- Indian rice frog, Fejervarya limnocharis
- Marsh frog, Fejervarya kawamurai
- Sakishima rice frog, Fejervarya sakishimensis
- Genus: Limnonectes
- Namie's frog, Limnonectes namiyei (endemic)
- Family: Hylidae
- Genus: Dryophytes
- Japanese tree frog, Dryophytes japonicus
- Genus: Hyla
- Hallowell's tree frog, Hyla hallowellii (endemic)
- Family: Microhylidae
- Genus: Microhyla
- , Microhyla okinavensis (endemic)
- Yaeyama narrow-mouthed toad, Microhyla kuramotoi (endemic)
- Family: Pipidae
- Genus: Xenopus
- African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis (introduced)
- Family: Ranidae
- Genus: Babina
- Holst's frog, Babina holsti (endemic)
- Otton frog, Babina subaspera (endemic)
- Genus: Glandirana
- Japanese wrinkled frog, Glandirana rugosa (endemic)
- Proto wrinkled frog, Glandirana reliqua(endemic)
- Sado wrinkled frog, Glandirana susurra (endemic)
- Genus: Lithobates
- American bullfrog, Lithobates catesbeianus (introduced)
- Genus: Nidirana
- Yaeyama harpist frog, Nidirana okinavana |(endemic)
- Genus: Odorrana
- , Odorrana splendida (endemic)
- Amami tip-nosed frog, Odorrana amamiensis (endemic)
- Greater tip-nosed frog, Odorrana supranarina (endemic)
- Ishikawa's frog, Odorrana ishikawae (endemic)
- Ryukyu tip-nosed frog, Odorrana narina (endemic)
- Utsunomiya's tip-nosed frog, Odorrana utsunomiyaorum (endemic)
- Genus: Pelophylax
- Black-spotted pond frog, Pelophylax nigromaculatus
- Daruma pond frog, Pelophylax porosus
- Nagoya Daruma pond frog, P. p. brevipodus(endemic subspecies) (MoE: EN)
- Tokyo Daruma pond frog, P. p. porosus(endemic subspecies) (MoE: NT)
- Genus: Rana
- Dwarf Tago's brown frog, Rana kyoto(endemic)
- Dybowski's frog, Rana dybowskii
- Goto Tago's brown frog, Rana matsuoi(endemic)
- Ezo brown frog, Rana pirica
- Japanese brown frog, Rana japonica (endemic)
- Montane brown frog, Rana ornativentris (endemic)
- , Rana neba (endemic)
- Oki Tago's brown frog, Rana okiensis(MoE: NT, as R. tagoi okiensis)(endemic)
- , Rana ulma (endemic)
- Ryukyu brown frog, Rana kobai (endemic)
- Stream brown frog, Rana sakuraii (endemic)
- Tago's brown frog, Rana tagoi (endemic)
- Tsushima brown frog, Rana tsushimensis (endemic)
- Yakushima brown frog, Rana yakushimensis (MoE: NT, as R. tagoi yakushimensis)(endemic)
- Family: Rhacophoridae
- Genus: Buergeria
- Kajika frog, Buergeria buergeri (endemic)
- Ryukyu kajika frog, Buergeria japonica (endemic)
- Yaeyama kajika frog, Buergeria choui
- Genus: Polypedates
- Common tree frog, Polypedates leucomystax (introduced)
- Genus: Kurixalus
- Eiffinger's tree frog, Kurixalus eiffingeri
- Genus: Zhangixalus
- Amami green tree frog, Zhangixalus amamiensis (endemic)
- Forest green tree frog, Zhangixalus arboreus (endemic)
- Okinawa green tree frog, Zhangixalus viridis (endemic)
- Owston's green tree frog, Zhangixalus owstoni (endemic)
- Schlegel's green tree frog, Zhangixalus schlegelii (endemic)
Order: Caudata (salamanders)
- Family: Cryptobranchidae
- Genus: Andrias
- Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus (introduced)
- Japanese giant salamander, Andrias japonicus (endemic)
- Family: Hynobiidae
- Genus: Hynobius
- Abe's salamander, Hynobius abei (endemic) (MoE: CR)
- Abu salamander, Hynobius abuensis (endemic)
- Aki salamander, Hynobius akiensis (endemic)
- , Hynobius amakusaensis (endemic) (MoE: CR)
- Chikushi-buchi salamander, Hynobius oyamai (endemic)
- ChÃ
«goku-buchi salamander, Hynobius sematonotos (endemic)
- Ezo salamander, Hynobius retardatus (endemic) (MoE: DD)
- Geiyo salamander, Hynobius geiyoensis(endemic)
- Blotched salamander, Hynobius naevius (endemic)
- Hakuba salamander, Hynobius hidamontanus (endemic)
- Hida salamander, Hynobius kimurae (endemic)
- Highland salamander, Hynobius utsunomiyaorum (endemic)
- Hokuriku salamander, Hynobius takedai (endemic)
- Hynobius oni(endemic)
- Hynobius tagoi(endemic)
- , Hynobius hirosei (endemic)
- Iwaki salamander, Hynobius sengokui(endemic)
- Iwami salamander, Hynobius iwami (endemic)
- Iyoshima salamander, Hynobius kuishiensis (endemic)
- Izumo salamander, Hynobius kunibiki(endemic)
- Japanese black salamander, Hynobius nigrescens (endemic)
- , Hynobius fossigenus (endemic)
- Kato's salamander, Hynobius katoi (endemic)
- Mahoroba salamander, Hynobius guttatus (endemic)
- , Hynobius mikawaensis (endemic) (MoE: CR)
- Mitsjama salamander, Hynobius nebulosus (endemic)
- Ã
Âdaigahara salamander, Hynobius boulengeri (endemic)
- Ã
Âita salamander, Hynobius dunni (endemic)
- Oki salamander, Hynobius okiensis (endemic)
- , Hynobius osumiensis (endemic)
- San'in salamander, Hynobius setoi (endemic)
- Setouchi salamander, Hynobius setouchi (endemic)
- Smaller blotched salamander, Hynobius stejnegeri (endemic)
- , Hynobius shinichisatoi (endemic)
- Stejneger's oriental salamander, Hynobius ikioi (endemic)
- Sumida salamander, Hynobius sumidai(endemic)
- TÃ
Âhoku salamander, Hynobius lichenatus (endemic)
- Tokyo salamander, Hynobius tokyoensis (endemic)
- Tosashimizu salamander, Hynobius tosashimizuensis (endemic) (MoE: CR)
- Tsurugi salamander, Hynobius tsurugiensis (endemic)
- Tsushima salamander, Hynobius tsuensis (endemic)
- Yamaguchi salamander, Hynobius bakan (endemic)
- Yamato salamander, Hynobius vandenburghi (endemic)
- Genus: Onychodactylus
- , Onychodactylus intermedius (endemic)
- , Onychodactylus pyrrhonotus(endemic)
- Japanese clawed salamander, Onychodactylus japonicus (endemic)
- , Onychodactylus kinneburi (endemic)
- Tadami clawed salamander, Onychodactylus fuscus (endemic)
- , Onychodactylus nipponoborealis (endemic)
- , Onychodactylus tsukubaensis (endemic) (MoE: CR)
- Genus: Salamandrella
- Siberian salamander, Salamandrella keyserlingii
- Family: Salamandridae
- Genus: Cynops
- Japanese fire belly newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster (endemic)
- Sword-tail newt, Cynops ensicauda (endemic)
- C. e. ensicauda
- C. e. popei
- Genus: Echinotriton
- Anderson's crocodile newt, Echinotriton andersoni (endemic)
- Raffaelli's spiny crocodile newt, Echinotriton raffaellii(endemic)
Japanese names
The Japanese names for the taxa found in Japan have been collated and published by the .
See also
References
External links