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List of birds of Western Australia

This is a list of the wild birds found in Western Australia. The list includes introduced species, common vagrants, recently extinct species, extirpated species, some very rare vagrants (seen once) and species only present in captivity. 629 species are listed.

The taxonomy is based on Christidis and Boles, 2008. Their system has been developed over nearly two decades and has strong local support, but deviates in important ways from more generally accepted schemes.

This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, 2022 edition. All of the birds below are included in the total bird count for Western Australia.

The following tags have been used to highlight several categories. The commonly occurring native species do not fall into any of these categories.

  • (A) Accidental – a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Western Australia
  • (E) Endemic – a species endemic to Western Australia
  • (I) Introduced – a species introduced to Western Australia as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions
  • (Ex) Extirpated – a species that no longer occurs in Western Australia although populations exist elsewhere
  • (X) Extinct – a species or subspecies that no longer exists.

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Ostriches

Order: StruthioniformesFamily: Struthionidae

This order is not native to Western Australia, but feral populations of one species have become established.

Cassowaries and emu

Order: CasuariiformesFamily: Dromaiidae

This family of flightless ratite birds is represented by two living species in Australia. Another two species are found in New Guinea. The extinct, geographically isolated King and Kangaroo Island emus were historically considered to be separate species to mainland emus. However, genetic evidence from 2011 suggests that all three are conspecific.

Magpie goose

Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anseranatidae

The family contains a single species, the magpie goose. It was an early and distinctive offshoot of the anseriform family tree, diverging after the screamers and before all other ducks, geese and swans, sometime in the late Cretaceous. The single species is found across Australia.

Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae

The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are adapted for an aquatic existence, with webbed feet, bills that are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils.

Megapodes

Order: GalliformesFamily: Megapodiidae

Megapodiidae are represented by various species in the Australasian region. They are commonly referred to as "mound-builders" due to their habit of constructing large mounds to incubate their eggs.

Guineafowl

Order: GalliformesFamily: Numididae

Numididae are not native to Australia, but feral populations of one species exist in Western Australia.

Pheasants, grouse, and allies

Order: GalliformesFamily: Phasianidae

Phasianidae consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad, relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans.

Grebes

Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.

Pigeons and doves

Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

Bustards

Order: OtidiformesFamily: Otididae

Cuckoos

Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae

Frogmouths

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Podargidae

The frogmouths are a distinctive group of small nocturnal birds related to swifts found from India across southern Asia to Australia.

Nightjars and allies

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae

Owlet-nightjars

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Aegothelidae

The owlet-nightjars are a distinctive group of small nocturnal birds related to swifts found from the Maluku Islands and New Guinea to Australia and New Caledonia.

Swifts

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Apodidae

Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

Rails, gallinules, and coots

Order: GruiformesFamily: Rallidae

Cranes

Order: GruiformesFamily: Gruidae

Thick-knees

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Burhinidae

Stilts and avocets

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae

Oystercatchers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Haematopodidae

Plovers and lapwings

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae

Painted-snipes

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Rostratulidae

Jacanas

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Jacanidae

2 species recorded [1 extant native, 1 vagrant]

Sandpipers and allies

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae

Buttonquail

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Turnicidae

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Glareolidae

Skuas and jaegers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae

Tropicbirds

Order: PhaethontiformesFamily: Phaethontidae

Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head.

Penguins

Order: SphenisciformesFamily: Spheniscidae

Penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere, especially in Antarctica. Only one species, the little penguin, breeds on the Australian coast.

Albatrosses

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Diomedeidae

The albatrosses are a family of large seabird found across the Southern and North Pacific Oceans. The largest are among the largest flying birds in the world.

Southern storm-petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Oceanitidae

The southern storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Northern storm-petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Hydrobatidae

Shearwaters and petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium nasal septum, and a long outer functional primary flight feather.

Storks

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ciconiidae

Frigatebirds

Order: SuliformesFamily: Fregatidae

Boobies and gannets

Order: SuliformesFamily: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

Anhingas

Order: SuliformesFamily: Anhingidae

Anhingas or darters are cormorant-like water birds with long necks and long, straight bills. They are fish eaters which often swim with only their neck above the water.

Cormorants and shags

Order: SuliformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae

Cormorants are medium-to-large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of coloured skin on the face. The bill is long, thin and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed, a distinguishing feature among the order Pelecaniformes.

Pelicans

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with distinctive pouches under their bills. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes.

Herons, egrets, and bitterns

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ardeidae

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Threskiornithidae

Osprey

Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Pandionidae

Hawks, eagles, and kites

Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Accipitridae

Barn owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae

Owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae

Hoopoes

Order: BucerotiformesFamily: Upupidae

Kingfishers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae

Bee-eaters

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Meropidae

Rollers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Coraciidae

Falcons and caracaras

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Falconidae

Cockatoos

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Cacatuidae

Old World parrots

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Psittaculidae

Pittas

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pittidae

Scrub-birds

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Atrichornithidae

Bowerbirds

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Ptilonorhynchidae

Australasian treecreepers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Climacteridae

Fairywrens

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Maluridae

Honeyeaters

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Meliphagidae

Bristlebirds

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Dasyornithidae

Pardalotes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pardalotidae

Thornbills and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Acanthizidae

Pseudo-babblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pomatostomidae

Quail-thrushes and jewel-babblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cinclosomatidae

Cuckooshrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Campephagidae

Sittellas

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Neosittidae

Whipbirds and wedgebills

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Psophodidae

Australo-Papuan bellbirds

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Oreoicidae

Shrike-tits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Falcunculidae

Whistlers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pachycephalidae

Old World orioles

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Oriolidae

Woodswallows, bellmagpies, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Artamidae

Fantails

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Rhipiduridae

Drongos

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Dicruridae

Monarch flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Monarchidae

Shrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Laniidae

Crows, jays, and magpies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae

Australasian robins

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Petroicidae

Larks

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae

Cisticolas and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cisticolidae

Reed warblers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Acrocephalidae

Grassbirds and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Locustellidae

Swallows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae

Bulbuls

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pycnonotidae

Leaf warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Phylloscopidae

Bush warblers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Scotocercidae

White-eyes, yuhinas, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Zosteropidae

Starlings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae

Thrushes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae

Old World flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Muscicapidae

Flowerpeckers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Dicaeidae

Waxbills and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Estrildidae

Old World sparrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae

Wagtails and pipits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Motacillidae

Finches, euphonias, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae

See also

References