The Turkish Armed Forces utilized a wide range of weapons from 1 September 1939, the date of the German invasion of Poland, to V-E Day, 8 May 1945, which is generally accepted as the end of the Second World War in Europe.
The Turkish declaration of war on Germany and Japan was made on 23 February 1945; Turkish forces did not actually engage in combat against either state.
The Turkish Army utilized a wide range of fighting vehicles during the Second World War.
The Turkish Air Force (TAF) had three battalions in 1928; three regiments in 1932; and three brigades in 1939. Turkey ordered 24 Heinkel He 111J-1s in March 1937, which were quickly received within about seven months.
The TAF received large numbers of new aircraft in 1939-1945. Initially 59 Supermarine Spitfire Mk. Is were approved for export to Turkey, but after two were delivered, the delivery of the remainder were stopped in May 1940. Later, reportedly, Spitfires Mark V and IX were delivered. Other new aircraft for the TAF included Curtiss Falcon CW-22R/B, Fairey Battle Mk. I (received 30 aircraft, including 1 target tug), Avro Anson I, Hawker Hurricane I/II, Morane-Saulnier M.S.406, Curtiss Tomahawk (40 delivered from British stocks in the Middle East, used 1942-44, including at Gaziemir), Curtiss P-40 Kittyhawk, Westland Lysander (36 Mark III supplied in 1939), Bristol Blenheim IV/V, Bristol Beaufort, Bristol Beaufighter Mk.I/X, Focke-Wulf Fw 190-A3, Martin 187 Baltimore, de Havilland Mosquito Mk.III/IV, Douglas B-26B/C Invader, Republic P-47D Thunderbolt and Douglas C-47A/B Dakota.
Eleven U.S. Consolidated B-24 Liberators made an emergency landing in Turkey coming from bombing of Ploesti within Operation Tidal Wave. All of them were interned by Turkey and five of them were repaired and served in the Turkish Air Force.
In 1947, Turkey received aircraft from Britain, including four Spitfire PR. XIXs, which were reportedly based at Merzifon and operational in 1948.