This is a list of rulers of Saudi Arabia, a kingdom on the Arabian Peninsula, along with its predecessor states, all ruled by the House of Saud.
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The First Saudi State, founded by Muhammad bin Saud, grew from the small Sheikhdom of Diriyah into a state that, at its peak, controlled most of the Arabian Peninsula and parts of the Levant, Qajar Iran (including Bandar Abbas), and the Ottoman Empire.
The Third Saudi State was founded by Abdulaziz bin Abdulrahman, known as Ibn Saud, who recaptured Riyadh in 1902. Through 34 years of campaigns known as the Unification of Saudi Arabia, the state expanded under various names before being officially named Saudi Arabia in 1932. <section begin=Table />
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The Royal Standard consists of a green flag, with an Arabic inscription and a sword featured in white, and with the national emblem embroidered in gold in the lower right canton of the year 1973.
The script on the flag is written in the Thuluth script. It is the shahada or Islamic declaration of faith:
assassinated.