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List of Roman governors of Asia

This is a list of known governors of the Roman province of Asia. Created after 133 BC, the province was eventually reorganized by the emperor Augustus who assigned it to the Senate as a proconsular governorship. The province was divided by Diocletian during his reorganization of the empire during the 290s, and a small portion of the province retained the name. Eventually the province was absorbed into the Thracesian Theme sometime during the seventh century. Many of the dates listed are approximate dates for the holding of the office.

Republican governors of Asia (133–27 BC)

Unless otherwise indicated, entries for the Republican period are based on T.R.S. Broughton, Magistrates of the Roman Republic (1952), vol. II.

Imperial proconsular governors of Asia (27 BC — AD 180)

Governors under Augustus

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from K.M.T. Atkinson, "The Governors of the Province Asia in the Reign of Augustus", ', 7 (1958), pp. 300–330

Governors under Tiberius

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Ronald Syme, "Problems about Proconsuls of Asia", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 53 (1983), pp. 191–208

Governors under Caligula

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Syme, "Problems about Proconsuls", pp. 191–208

Governors under Claudius

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Syme, "Problems about Proconsuls", pp. 191–208

Governors under Nero and the Year of Four Emperors

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Syme, "Problems about Proconsuls", pp. 191–208

Governors under Vespasian and Titus

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Werner Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139", Chiron, 12 (1982), pp. 284–303

Governors under Domitian

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten", pp. 304–323

Governors under Nerva and Trajan

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten", pp. 324–362

Governors under Hadrian

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139", Chiron, 13 (1983), pp. 147–185

Governors under Antoninus Pius

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Syme "The Proconsuls of Asia under Antoninus Pius", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 51 (1983), 271-290

Governors under Marcus Aurelius

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter den Antoninen (Bonn: Habelt Verlag, 1977) pp. 214–217 (before 167) and Filippini, “Su alcuni proconsoli d’Asia all’epoca di Marco Aurelio (168-173)” (Roma, 2014) p. 764 (after 167)

Imperial proconsular governors of Asia (180 — 285)

Governors under Commodus

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 1989), pp. 221f

Governors under Septimius Severus

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Ségolène Demougin, "Proconsuls d'Asie sous Septime Sévère, les gouverneurs de la province de 200 à 211", Bulletin de la Société Nationale des Antiquaires de France, 1994 (1996), pp. 323-333

Governors under Caracalla

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 1989), pp. 224f

Governors under Macrinus and Elagabalus

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 1989), pp. 225f

Governors under Alexander Severus

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 1989), pp. 226-228

Third-century crisis (235–285)

  • Lucius Valerius Messalla Apollinaris (between 236 and 238).
  • Flavius Balbus Diogenianus (between 236 and 238; less likely 250–1)
  • Marcus Asinius Sabinianus (239 or 240)
  • Lucius Egnatius Victor Lollianus (242–245)
  • Flavius Maximillianus Montanus (248/249)
  • Gaius Julius Flavius Proculus Quintilianus (249–250)
  • Gaius Julius Octavius Volusenna Rogatianus (c. 253/256)
  • Attius Rufinus (250s)
  • Marcus Valerius Turbo (250s)
  • Maximillianus (? 260)
  • (?) Tiberius Pollienus Armenius Peregrinus (unknown date, possibly under Valerian)
  • Arellius Fuscus (275)
  • Faltonius Probus (276)
  • Julius Proculus (276)
  • Asclepiodotus (283) (praeses)

Imperial proconsular governors of Asia (285 — 395)

Governors under Diocletian

  • Aurelius Hermogenianus (c. 286/305)
  • Titus Flavius Festus (c. 286/293)
  • Priscus (c. 286/305)
  • Lucius Artorius Pius Maximus (c. 287/298)
  • Junius Tiberianus (c. 293/303)
  • Annius Epifanius (c. 293/305)

Governors under Constantine I

Governors under Constantius II

  • Lucius Caelius Montius (c. 340/350)
  • Marinus (c. 351/354)
  • Flavius Magnus (c. 354/359)
  • Mantitheus (before 355)
  • Julianus (360)

Governors under Julian and Jovian

  • Aelius Claudius Dulcitius (361—363)
  • Vitalius (363)

Governors under Valens

  • Helpidius (364)
  • Hormisdas (365)
  • Clearchus (366—367)
  • Eutropius (c. 371/372)
  • Festus (372—378)

Governors under Theodosius I

Imperial proconsular governors of Asia (395 — 491)

Governors under Arcadius

Governors under Theodosius II

  • Flavius Heliodorus (c. 439/442)
  • Proculus (449)

Imperial proconsular governors of Asia (uncertain date)

  • (?) Scaurianus (? late third century)
  • Cassianus (third/fourth century)
  • Cossinius Rufinus (? middle/late third century)
  • Axiochus (? late fourth century)
  • Ambrosius (? late fourth century)
  • Messalinus (fourth/fifth century)
  • Aristus (fourth/fifth century)
  • Constantinus (fourth/fifth century)
  • Nonnus (early fifth century)
  • (?) Ignatius (early/mid fifth century)
  • (?) Zosimianus (early/mid fifth century)
  • Andreas (? fifth century)
  • Flavius Axius Arcadius Phlegethius (late fifth/early sixth century)
  • Damocharis (fourth/sixth century)
  • Theodosius (fifth/sixth century)

See also

Sources

  • Géza Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter der Antoninen, Bonn: Rudolf Habelt Verlag (1977)
  • Barnes, T.D., "Proconsuls of Asia under Caracalla", Phoenix, 40 (1986), pp. 202–205
  • Broughton, T. Robert S., The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, Vol II (1952)
  • Eck, Werner, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139", Chiron, 12 (1982), pp. 281–362; 13 (1983), pp. 147–237.
  • Filippini, A. “Su alcuni proconsoli d’Asia all’epoca di Marco Aurelio (168-173): Kaisergeschichte e Kirchengeschichte tra fonti letterarie ed epigrafiche”, in M.L. Caldelli - G.L. Gregori (a cura di), Epigrafia e ordine senatorio, 30 anni dopo (Tituli 10), Atti della XIXe Rencontre franco-italienne d’épigraphie du monde romain (Roma 21-23 marzo 2013), Roma 2014, pp. 745–776.
  • Laale, Hans Willer, Ephesus (Ephesos): An Abbreviated History from Androclus to Constantine XI, WestBow Press (2011)
  • Martindale, J. R.; Jones, A. H. M, The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. I AD 260–395, Cambridge University Press (1971)
  • Martindale, J. R.; Jones, A. H. M, The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. II AD 395–527, Cambridge University Press (1980)
  • Mennen, Inge, Power and Status in the Roman Empire, AD 193-284 (2011)
  • Syme, Ronald, "The Proconsuls of Asia under Antoninus Pius", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 51 (1983), pp. 271–290
  • Syme, Ronald, The Augustan Aristocracy (1986) Clarendon Press.

References