Iranian Azerbaijanis (Persian: âðñèçÃÂìçÃÂÃÂâÂÂÃÂçàçÃÂñçÃÂ; Azerbaijani: çÃÂñçàâðñèçÃÂìçÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂçñÃÂ) are Iranians of Azerbaijani origin. They form the largest group of Azerbaijanis in the world, and are the second-largest ethnic group in Iran, accounting for about 16âÂÂ24% of the total population. Iranian Azerbaijanis are most commonly referred to as "Turks" in both Persian and Azerbaijani, whilst the language is known as Turki (Turkish). However, "Azeri" or "Azerbaijani" are often used as identifiers.
Native to and primarily concentrated in the Azerbaijan region, Iranian Azerbaijanis have settled throughout the country, constituting a significant minority in the provinces of Kurdistan, Hamadan, Qazvin, Gilan, Alborz, Tehran, Markazi, and other regions. Iranian Azerbaijanis have been influential in many fields; they played a crucial role in the modern Iranian state's national development, particularly during the early 20th century.
Arts and entertainment
Music
Singers
- Fatma Mukhtarova (1893 or 1898âÂÂ1972), opera singer; Soviet citizen born in Urmia, Iran.
- Rubaba Muradova (1930âÂÂ1983), opera and folk singer; Soviet citizen born in Ardabil, Iran.
- Aref (1940âÂÂ2026), pop singer and actor.
- Homeyra (born 1945), pop singer.
- Rashid Vatandoust (born 1946), opera singer.
- Sattar (born 1949), pop and classical singer.
- Googoosh (born 1950), pop singer and actress.
- Hayedeh (1942âÂÂ1990), pop singer; elder sister of Mahasti.
- Mahasti (1946âÂÂ2007), pop singer.
- Dariush (born 1951), pop singer.
- Davoud Azad (born 1963), classical singer, composer, and multi-instrumentalist.
- Hassan Anami Olia (born 1967), opera singer; Azerbaijani citizen born in Tabriz, Iran.
- Rahim Shahriari (born 1971), pop singer and songwriter.
- Mansour (born 1971), pop singer, actor, and fashion designer.
- Arash (born 1977), pop singer and producer; Iranian-Swedish.
- Sami Yusuf (born 1980), world singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist; Iranian-British.
- Omid Hajili (born 1983), pop singer and composer.
Composers and instrumentalists
- Gholamhossein Bigjekhani (1918âÂÂ1987), tar player.
- Ali Salimi (1922âÂÂ1997), composer and tar player.
- Samin Baghtcheban (1923âÂÂ2008), composer, author and literary translator.
- Farhad Fakhreddini (born 1939), composer and conductor.
- Nasrollah Nasehpour (born 1940), composer and singer.
- Mahmud Shaterian (1944âÂÂ2006), composer and tar player.
- Naser Cheshmazar (1950âÂÂ2018), composer and pianist.
- Hossein Alizadeh (born 1951), composer and multi-instrumentalist.
- Dariush Pirniakan (born 1955), composer and tar player.
Media
Filmmakers
- Jamileh Sheykhi (1930âÂÂ2001), actress; mother of Atila Pesyani.
- Ebrahim Abadi (1934âÂÂ2019), actor.
- Reza Beyk Imanverdi (1936âÂÂ2003) actor and director.
- Behrouz Vossoughi (born 1938), actor.
- Jahangir Ghaffari (born 1940), actor and film producer.
- Reza Naji (born 1942), actor.
- Valiollah Momeni (1943âÂÂ2015), actor.
- Jamshid Hashempour (born 1944), actor.
- Atash Taghipour (born 1945), actor.
- Mina Jafarzadeh (born 1947), actress.
- Jalil Farjad (born 1952), actor.
- Alireza Khamseh (born 1953), actor and comedian.
- Jahangir Almasi (born 1955), actor.
- Parviz Parastui (born 1955), actor.
- Atila Pesyani (born 1957), actor.
- Afsar Asadi (born 1958), actress and make-up artist.
- Akbar Abdi (born 1960), actor.
- Shirin Bina (born 1964), actress.
- Farhad Ghaemian (born 1965), actor.
- Keyhan Maleki (born 1968), actor.
- Marjaneh Golchin (born 1969), actress.
- Rambod Javan (born 1971), actor, director, and television presenter.
- Mir-Taher Mazloumi (born 1975), actor.
- Amir Aghaei (born 1975), actor and author.
- Hadi Hejazifar (born 1976), actor, director, and screenwriter.
- Hadi Kazemi (born 1976), actor.
- Behnam Tashakor (born 1977), actor.
- Mohammad Reza Golzar (born 1977), actor and model.
- Hossein Abedini (born 1980), actor.
- Maryam Palizban (born 1981), actress.
- Hesam Manzour (born 1980), actor.
Broadcasters
Art
Painters, photographers, cartoonists
- Sadighi Beg (1533âÂÂ1610), painter, miniaturist, and writer.
- Ebrahim Mirza (1540âÂÂ1577), miniaturist and poet; Safavid prince
- Mir Ali (1795âÂÂ1830), court painter.
- Ahmad Aali (born 1935), photographer.
- Mansoor Ghandriz (1936âÂÂ1966), painter.
- Aydin Aghdashloo (born 1940), painter, writer, and art curator.
- Haydar Hatemi (born 1945), painter.
- Reza Deghati (born 1952), photojournalist; Iranian-French.
- Javad Alizadeh (born 1953), cartoonist and writer.
- Khosrow Hassanzadeh (born 1963), painter, installation artist, and ceramist.
Calligraphers
- Ali Adjali (born 1939), calligrapher, painter, and poet.
Sculptors
Literature
Scholars
Journalists
- Taghi Rafat (1885âÂÂ1920), journalist, poet and playwright.
- Sibel Edmonds (born 1970), journalist and translator; Iranian-American.
Non-fiction writers
- Mohammad Hossein bin Khalaf Tabrizi (1600âÂÂ1651), lexicographer.
- Mirza Abu Taleb Khan (1752âÂÂ1805), writer and poet; Iranian-Indian.
- Abbasgulu Bakikhanov (1794âÂÂ1847), writer, linguist, and historian; Imperial Russian subject born in Qajar Iran.
- Mirza Fathali Akhundzadeh (1812âÂÂ1878), nationalist writer; Imperial Russian subject born in Qajar Iran.
- Mirza Abdolrahim Talebi Tabrizi (1834âÂÂ1911), writer and essayist.
- Jalil Mammadguluzadeh (1869âÂÂ1932), writer and satirist; Soviet citizen of Iranian descent.
- Esmail Amirkhizi (1873âÂÂ1966), writer and constitutionalist.
- Mohammad Ali Modarres Khiabani (1878âÂÂ1954), writer and linguist.
- Mirza Ibrahimov (1911âÂÂ1993) writer, playwright, and public figure; Azerbaijani citizen born in Eyvaq, Iran.
- Abbas Zaryab (1919âÂÂ1995) historical writer, translator, and literature professor.
Fiction writers
- Ganjali Sabahi (1906âÂÂ1990), novelist, short story writer, poet, and literary critic.
- Mir Jalal Pashayev (1908âÂÂ1978), short story writer and literary critic; Soviet citizen born in Ardabil, Iran.
- Gholam-Hossein Bigdeli (1919âÂÂ1998), literary scholar, linguist, historian, writer and poet; of Begdili descent.
- Gholam-Hossein Saeedi (1936âÂÂ1985), fiction and non-fiction writer.
- Samad Behrangi (1939âÂÂ1968), short story writer, teacher and poet.
- Fariba Vafi (born 1963), novelist and short story writer.
- Mohammadreza Bayrami (born 1965), short story writer and novelist.
Poets
- Habibi (1470âÂÂ1519), Azerbaijani-language poet.
- Alghas Mirza (1516âÂÂ1550), Persian-language poet; Safavid prince.
- Bahram Mirza Safavi (1517âÂÂ1549), Persian-language poet; Safavid prince.
- Ghovsi Tabrizi (1568âÂÂ1640), Azerbaijani-language poet.
- Tarzi Afshar (died 1679), Azerbaijani-language poet.
- Khasta Qasem (1684âÂÂ1760), Azerbaijani-language poet.
- Molla Vali Vidadi (1709âÂÂ1809), Azerbaijani-language poet.
- Molla Panah Vagif (1717âÂÂ1797), Azerbaijani-language poet.
- Heyran Donboli (1790âÂÂ1848), bilingual poet; of Donboli descent.
- Mirza Shafi Vazeh (1794âÂÂ1852), bilingual poet and teacher.
- Abolqasem Nabati (1812âÂÂ1873), bilingual poet.
- Agha Baji Javanshir (1780âÂÂ1832), poet and Qajar royal consort.
- Khurshidbanu Natavan (1832âÂÂ1897), bilingual poet; Imperial Russian citizen of Iranian descent.
- Bahar Shirvani (1834â 1883), poet and linguist.
- Mirza Ali Khan La'li (1845âÂÂ1907), poet and physician.
- Ali Mojuz (1874âÂÂ1934), Azerbaijani-language poet.
- Iraj Mirza (1874âÂÂ1926), Persian-language poet; Qajar prince.
- Habib Saher (1903â 1988), Azerbaijani-language poet and writer.
- Mohammad-Hossein Shahriar (1906âÂÂ1988), bilingual poet.
- Ali Nazem (1906âÂÂ1941), Azerbaijani-language poet, writer, and literary critic, Soviet citizen born in Tabriz, Iran.
- Aziz Dowlatabadi (1922âÂÂ2009), poet, literary scholar and writer.
- Habibollah Chaichian (1923âÂÂ2017), Persian-language religious poet.
- Bulud Gharachorlu (1926âÂÂ1979), Azerbaijani-language poet.
- Madina Gulgun (1926âÂÂ1991), Azerbaijani-language poet and ethnic separatist; Soviet citizen of Iranian descent.
- Yadollah Maftun Amini (1926âÂÂ2022), bilingual poet.
- Reza Baraheni (1935âÂÂ2022), Persian-language poet, novelist, and literary critic; Iranian-Canadian.
- Esmail Khoei (1938âÂÂ2021), Persian-language poet and writer.
- Heydar Abbasi (born 1943), bilingual poet, translator and writer.
- Hossein Monzavi (1946âÂÂ2004), bilingual poet, essayist, and translator.
- Jafar Ebrahimi (born 1951), Persian-language children's poet and writer.
- Pirouz Dilanchi (born 1965), Azerbaijani-language poet and ethnic separatist; Iranian-Canadian.
- Rasoul Yunan (born 1969), bilingual poet and translator.
Science
Applied science
Formal science
Natural science
- Ali Javan (1926âÂÂ2016), physicist and inventor; Iranian-American.
Social science
- Alexander Kazembek (1802âÂÂ1870), orientalist and philologist; Imperial Russian citizen born in Iran.
- Haji-Mirza Hassan Roshdieh (1851âÂÂ1944), educational theorist, schoolteacher, and writer.
- Jabbar Baghtcheban (1886âÂÂ1966), schoolteacher and creator of Persian sign language.
- Ahmad Kasravi (1890âÂÂ1946), linguist, historian, and secularist.
- Hamid Notghi (1920âÂÂ1999), public relations theorist, lawyer, and writer.
- Homa Nategh (1934âÂÂ2016), historian and left-wing activist.
- Dariush Shayegan (1935âÂÂ2018), cultural theorist and philosopher.
- Shireen Hunter (born 1945), political scientist and diplomat, Iranian-American.
- Javad Tabatabai (1945âÂÂ2023), nationalist philosopher and political scientist.
- Farideh Heyat (born 1949), anthropologist and writer; British-Iranian.
Politics
Government officials
Members of parliament
- Mohsen Mojtahed Shabestari (1937âÂÂ2021), principilist politician and cleric.
- Asadollah Bayat-Zanjani (born 1941), reformist politician and cleric.
- Reza Moridi (born 1945), Legislative Assembly of Ontario member; Iranian-Canadian.
- Hadi Khamenei (born 1948), reformist politician and cleric; brother of Ali Khamenei.
- Aziz Akbarian (born 1957), principlist politician.
- Nader Ghazipour (born 1958), principlist politician.
- Kamaladin Pirmoazen (born 1959), reformist politician.
- Nouraladin Pirmoazen (born 1959), reformist politician and physician.
- Safar Naeimi (born 1959) principlist politician.
- Mohammad Esmaeili (born 1960), principlist politician.
- Gholam Hossein Shiri Aliabad (1961âÂÂ2021), politician.
- Shakour Akbarnejad (born 1961), reformist politician.
- Mohammad-Hossein Farhanghi (born 1961) principlist politician.
- Mohammad Esmaeil Saeidi (born 1961), principlist politician.
- Bashir Khaleghi (born 1961), principlist politician.
- Younes Asadi (born 1961), principlist politician.
- Salman Khodadadi (born 1962), principlist politician.
- Mohammad Alipour Rahmati (born 1962), politician.
- Ahmad Hakimipour (born 1963), reformist politician and former militant.
- Arsalan Fathipour (born 1965), principlist politician.
- Zia'ollah Ezazi Maleki (born 1965), politician.
- Gholamreza Nouri Ghezeljeh (born 1970), reformist politician.
- Movayed Hosseini Sadr (born 1970), reformist politician.
- Mohammad Hasannejad (born 1981), politician.
Opposition figures and dissidents
- Sattar Khan (1866âÂÂ1914), constitutional revolutionary and nationalist.
- Bagher Khan (1870âÂÂ1916), constitutional revolutionary and nationalist.
- Hossein Ardabili (1880âÂÂ1918), constitutional activist and writer.
- Haydar Khan Amo'oghli (1880âÂÂ1921), constitutional revolutionary and left-wing activist.
- Zainab Pasha (1884âÂÂ1921), anti-tobacco activist.
- Rabiollah Kabiri (1889âÂÂ1947), Azerbaijani Democratic Party separatist.
- Jafar Kavian (1895âÂÂ1975), Azerbaijani Democratic Party separatist.
- Salamollah Javid (1898âÂÂ1986), Azerbaijani Democratic Party separatist.
- Khalil Maleki (1901âÂÂ1969), left-wing nationalist activist.
- Taghi Arani (1903âÂÂ1940), left-wing activist and founder of the Marxist magazine Donya.
- Mohammad Biria (1914âÂÂ1985), Azerbaijani Democratic Party separatist.
- Safar Ghahremani (1921âÂÂ2002), left-wing activist and ex-political prisoner.
- Razieh Gholami-Shabani (1925âÂÂ2013), separatist Azerbaijani Democratic Party revolutionary.
- Marzieh Ahmadi (1941âÂÂ1974), Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas member.
- Alireza Nabdel (1944âÂÂ1971), Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas member.
- Hassan Shariatmadari (born 1947), co-founder of the United Republicans of Iran party.
- Maryam Rajavi (born 1954), leader of the People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (MEK); of Qajar descent.
- Reza Pahlavi (born 1960), opposition leader and exiled crown prince of Iran.
- Narges Mohammadi (born 1972), human rights activist political prisoner, and Nobel Peace Prize winner.
- Saleh Kamrani (born 1972), lawyer and human rights activist; Swedish-Iranian.
- Said Matinpour (born 1976) ethnic rights activist, journalist and ex-political prisoner.
- Alireza Farshi (born 1978), ethnic rights activist.
- Hojat Kalashi (born 1979), activist for the Pan-Iranist Party and ex-political prisoner.
- Hadis Najafi (2000âÂÂ2022), protestor killed by state forces during the Mahsa Amini protests.
- Asra Panahi (2007âÂÂ2022), teenager killed by state forces during the Mahsa Amini protests.
Military
Religion
- Mohammad Hossein Tabatabaei (1904âÂÂ1981), Shia cleric and theologist.
- Mohammad Kazem Shariatmadari (1906âÂÂ1986), senior Shia cleric.
- Mir Asadollah Madani (1914âÂÂ1981), Shia cleric and politician.
- Mohammad Ali Qazi Tabatabaei (1915âÂÂ1979), Shia cleric and politician.
- Moslem Malakouti (1924âÂÂ2014), Shia cleric.
- Ebrahim Musavi Zanjani (1925âÂÂ1999), Shia cleric and theologist; Iranian-Iraqi.
- Rahim Moazenzadeh Ardabili (1925âÂÂ2005), Shia muezzin.
- Salim Moazenzadeh Ardabili (1936âÂÂ2016), Shia muezzin and maddah.
- Mohammad-Taghi Jafari (1925âÂÂ1998), Shia cleric and theologist.
- Jafar Sobhani (born 1929), senior Shia cleric and theologist.
- Mohammad Mojtahed Shabestari (born 1936), religious philosopher and theologist.
- Abdolrahim Aghighi Bakhshayeshi (1942âÂÂ2012), Shia cleric and journalist.
Sports
Executives and administrators
Individual sports
Combat sports
Taekwondo
Wrestling
Weightlifting
Javelin
Team sports
Football
- Hossein Sadaghiani (1903âÂÂ1982), football forward and manager.
- Aziz Asli (1938âÂÂ2015), football goalkeeper, manager and actor.
- Büyük Vatankhah (born 1942), football defender.
- Nasser Hejazi (born 1949), football goalkeeper and manager.
- Parviz Ghelichkhani (born 1945), football midfielder, journalist, and activist; Iranian-French.
- Reza Vatankhah (born 1947), football defender and manager.
- Nasser Mohammadkhani (born 1957), football forward and manager.
- Farshad Pious (born 1962), football forward.
- Ali Akbar Ostad-Asadi (born 1965), football defender.
- Javad Zarincheh (born 1966), football defender and manager.
- Hamid Estili (born 1967) football midfielder and manager.
- Ali Daei (born 1969) football forward, manager, and former captain of the Iran national team.
- Sirous Dinmohammadi (born 1970), football midfielder and manager.
- Payan Rafat (born 1970), football forward and manager.
- Yahya Golmohammadi (born 1971), football defender and manager.
- Saket Elhami (born 1971), football midfielder and manager.
- Mehdi Tartar (born 1972), football midfielder and manager.
- Alireza Akbarpour (born 1973), football midfielder and coach.
- Esmail Halali (born 1973), football midfielder and manager.
- Mehdi Pashazadeh (born 1973), football defender and manager.
- Karim Bagheri (born 1974), football midfielder and coach.
- Sattar Hamedani (born 1974), football midfielder and coach.
- Ali Baghmisheh (born 1975), football forward.
- Younes Bahonar (born 1977), football defender and coach.
- Reza Jabbari (born 1977), retired football midfielder.
- Abbas Aghaei (born 1977), football midfielder and coach.
- Rasoul Khatibi (born 1978), football forward and manager.
- Morteza Asadi (born 1979), football defender and coach.
- Moharram Navidkia (born 1982), football midfielder and manager.
- Mehdi Rahmati (born 1983), football goalkeeper and manager.
- Mojtaba Jabbari (born 1983), football defender and manager.
- Mostafa Ekrami (born 1983), football defender.
- Hashem Beikzadeh (born 1984) football defender and coach.
- Meysam Naghizadeh (born 1986), football midfielder.
- Babak Hatami (born 1986), football defender.
- Jaber Ansari (born 1987), football forward.
- Katayoun Khosrowyar (born 1987), football midfielder and coach; Iranian-American.
- Mohsen Delir (born 1988), football forward.
- Fereshteh Karimi (born 1989), futsal player.
- Karim Ansarifard (born 1990), football forward.
- Ali Ghorbani (born 1990), football forward.
- Saman Nariman Jahan (born 1991), football forward.
- Payam Sadeghian (born 1992), football midfielder.
- Farshad Ahmadzadeh (born 1992), football midfielder.
Volleyball
Miscellaneous
- Rizali Khajavi (1931âÂÂ2017), farmer who became famous for his efforts to prevent a train from hitting oncoming boulders.
- Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani (born 1967), gained international attention for being sentenced to death by stoning for charges of murder and adultery until being released in 2014.
- Esmail Jafarzadeh (1975âÂÂ2017), serial killer.
See also
Footnotes
References
Citations
Bibliography