was a short-lived province in Hokkaido. It corresponded to modern-day Kushiro Subprefecture and part of Okhotsk Subprefecture.
After 1869, the northern Japanese island became known as Hokkaido; and regional administrative subdivisions were identified, including Kushiro Province.
In 1882, Hokkaido was separated into three prefectures — , , and . In 1886, the three prefectures were abolished, and Hokkaido was put under the . At the same time, Kushiro Province continued to exist for some purposes. For example, Kushiro is explicitly recognized in treaties in 1894 (a) between Japan and the United States and (b) between Japan and the United Kingdom.