Kolyo Neshev (; born May 30, 1982, in Kazanlak) is a Bulgarian javelin thrower. He represented Bulgaria at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, and competed in the men's javelin throw. Neshev threw the javelin, with a possible best mark and distance of 66.00 metres, finishing only in thirty-sixth place.
Neshev is also a sixteenth-time national record holder in the javelin throw, with a highest possible achievement of 63.32 metres, having won a gold medal at the 2012 European Winter Throwing Championships in Sofia.