Kalanikeûeaumoku was an aliûi (noble) of Hawaii (island) of the Kona district and part of Kohala district and grandfather of Kamehameha I.
His mother was Kalanikauleleiaiwi and his father was Keaweûëkekahialiûiokamoku. He would noho (cohabitate) with Kamakaûëmoku of the ûI family of the KaÃ»à « district, the partner of his half brother Kalaninuiamamao and have a son named Keà Âua who would father Kamehameha I. With his half brother Kamakaimoku would father KalaniÃȈ Âpuûu, the half brother to Keà Âua becoming the progenitor for the House of Kamehameha and the House of Kalokuokamaile. His second wife was the High Chiefess Kailakanoa. His sons by Kailakanoa were Kanekoa and Kahai. Only his son Kanekoa's descendants survive from his second marriage; most notable of these are the House of KawÃÂnanakoa, through her granddaughter Poûomaikelani, the wife of Elelule Laûakeaelelulu of Hilo, and mother of Kà «hià  Kalanianaûole.
He was descended from Aliûi Nui ûUmi-a-Liloa, connecting also to the chiefs of Maui, Oahu, Kauai. His name translates as the "Great Heavenly Island Climber".
His father was the ruler of the entire Big Island of Hawaiûi. In addition to Kona, Keawe also gave him dominion over parts of the Kohala District, which was mostly controlled by the powerful and somewhat independent Mahi family. His brother Kalaninui`amamao became ruler of the KaÃ»à « district of the island.
After his father's death in 1725, he and his older brother, Kalaninuiamamao, engaged in warfare for the throne of the Island of Hawaiûi. While the conflict ensued between the two brothers, Alapa`inui-a-kauaua was able to take advantage of the situation and usurped the throne. Alapa`inui was Keeûaumoku's half-brother, sharing his mother, Queen Kalanikauleleiaiwi. They were also brothers of Ha'ae-a-Mahi, father of the Chiefess Kekuiapoiwa II, the mother of Kamehameha the Great. Because of the conflict between Keûeaumoku and Kalaninuiamamao, the island remained divided into three to six separate territories until the unification by Aliûi Nui Kamehameha I.