Kaà ¡tiliaà ¡u III, phonetically inscribed in cuneiform as <sup>m</sup>Kaà ¡-til-ia-à ¡u, was a possible Kassite king of Babylonia in the 15th century BC (Short Chronology). He is known only from the Assyrian Synchronistic King List, a copy of a monumental inscription, his genealogy, and references in the Chronicle of Early Kings.
Evidence of Kaà ¡tiliaà ¡u's kingship is circumstantial. He may be the individual indicated on line 21 of the Synchronistic King List where he is placed opposite Assyrian king Aà ¡à ¡ur-nÃÂrÃÂri I and is preceded by a lacuna and succeeded by a poorly preserved name not thought to be Ulam-Buriaà ¡. Two passages in the Chronicle of Early Kings mention Kaà ¡tiliaà ¡u: "Ulam-Buriaà ¡, brother of Kaà ¡tiliaà ¡u, the Kassite" and "Agum, the son of Kaà ¡tiliaà ¡u". Ulam-Buriaà ¡ conquered and ruled the SealandâÂÂat the southern end of BabyloniaâÂÂand perhaps ruled as king of Babylonia, while Agum III was king of Babylonia. Kaà ¡tiliaà ¡u has no royal title in those passages, a feature of this chronicle shared by others, such as Samsu-Ditana, who, despite lacking monarchical epithets, proved to be kings.
A recently published copy of a monumental inscription celebrates his excavation of the Sumundar Canal and confirms his genealogy as the son of Burnaburiaà ¡ I, and grandson of Agum II. It describes his ritual use of a silver spade and basket, which were subsequently displayed in the temple of Enlil, and his conscription of the people and land of Yamutbal for the excavation. Although he is designated as à ¡akkanak Enlil, âÂÂgovernor of EnlilâÂÂ, the title and subsequent elaborate curse formula against those who might later efface the inscription implies his regnal status.