Julianne Dalcanton (born 1968) is an American astrophysicist and the director of the Flatiron Institute's Center for Computational Astrophysics (CCA) at the Simons Foundation. Her research focuses on the origins and evolution of galaxies, particularly through resolved stellar populations. She is one of the largest single users of the Hubble Space Telescope, most notably as principal investigator of the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury (PHAT), a large Multicycle Treasury program. She is also known for her discovery of the comet C/1999 F2 Dalcanton.
Dalcanton earned a bachelor's degree in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a Ph.D. in astrophysical sciences from Princeton University in 1995. She completed postdoctoral training at the Observatories of the Carnegie Institution of Washington.
Dalcanton joined the faculty of the University of Washington, where she became Professor of Astronomy and Adjunct Professor of Physics. She served as Chair of the Astronomy Department. Her research group led several major Hubble Space Telescope programs, including the ACS Nearby Galaxy Survey Treasury (ANGST) and the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury (PHAT).
In September 2021, Dalcanton joined the Simons Foundation as Director of the Flatiron Institute's Center for Computational Astrophysics (CCA) in New York City.