Johann Friedrich von Brandt (25 May 1802 â 15 July 1879) was a German-Russian naturalist, who worked mostly in Russia.
Brandt was born in Jüterbog and educated at a gymnasium in Wittenberg and the University of Berlin.
In 1831 he emigrated to Russia, and soon was appointed director of the Zoological Museum of the St Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Brandt encouraged the collection of native animals, many of which were not represented in the museum. Many specimens began to arrive from the expeditions of Severtzov, Przhevalsky, Middendorff, Schrenck and Gustav Radde.
He described several birds collected by Russian explorers off the Pacific Coast of North America, including Brandt's cormorant, red-legged kittiwake and spectacled eider.
As a paleontologist, Brandt ranks among the best. He was also an entomologist, specialising in Coleoptera (beetles) and Diplopoda (millipedes).
He died in Merreküll, Governorate of Estonia.
He is also commemorated in Brandt's bat, Brandt's hedgehog, three other species of mammals, and the lizard Iranolacerta brandtii.
Works
In addition, Johann Friedrich von Brandt concerned the continuation of the work Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde gebräuchlichen Gewächse of Friedrich Gottlob Hayne.
- Flora Berolinensis, sive descriptio plantarum phanerogamarum circa Berolinum sponte crescentium vel in agris cultarum additis filicibus et charis (Berlin, 1824)
- Deutschlands phanerogamische Giftgewächse (Berlin, 1828)
- Tabellar Uebersichi d. offizin. Gewächse nach d. Linn. Sexualsystem u. d. natürl. System (Berlin, 1829)
- Medizinische Zoologie oder getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der Thiere, die in der Arzneimittellehre in Betracht kommen, 2 vols. (Berlin, 1829âÂÂ1833), written with J. T. C. Ratzeburt
- Uebersicht d. Charactere d. Familien d. offizin. Gewächse nach R. Brown, De Candolle, Jussieu,⦠(Berlin, 1830)
- Deutschlands kryptogamische Giftgewächse (Berlin, 1838)
- Deutschlands phanerogamische Geftgewächse as Abbildung und Beschreibung der in Deutschland wild wachsenden und in Gärten in freien ausdauernden Giftgewächse, nach natürlichen Familien erläutert, mit Beiträgen von P. Phoebus und J. T. C. Ratzeburg (Berlin, 1838)
- Symbolae Sirenologicae quibus praecipue Rhutinae historia naturalis illustratur (St. Petersburg, 1846)
- Symbolae Sirenologicaeâ¦, fasc. 2 and 3 (St. Petersburg, 1861âÂÂ1868)
- Mémoires de lâÂÂAcadémie impériale des sciences, St. Pétersbourg, 7th ser., 12, no. 1; Untersuchungen über die fossilen und subfossilen Cetaceen EuropaâÂÂs mit Beiträgen von Van Beneden, Cornalia, Gastaldi, Quenstedt, und Paulson, nebst einem geologischen Anhange von Barbot de Marny, G. von Helmersen, A. Goebel und Th. Fuchs, ibid., 20, no. 1 (1873)
- Ergänzungen, ibid., 21, no. 6 (1874)
- Bericht über die Fortschritte, welche die zoologischen Wissenschaften den von der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St. Petersburg von 1831 bis 1879 herausgegeben Schriften verdanken (St. Petersburg, 1879)
- J. F. Brandtii index operum omnium (St. Petersburg, 1876), issued as a Festschrift.
- Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde gebräuchlichen Gewächse wie auch solcher, welche mit ihnen verwechselt werden können. 12 Volumes, 1805âÂÂ1856 (continued from Johann Friedrich Brandt, Julius Theodor Christian Ratzeburg und Johann Friedrich Klotzsch). Digital Edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
- Abbildung und Beschreibung der in Deutschland wild wachsenden und in Gärten im Freien ausdauernden Giftgewächse nach natürlichen Familien erläutert. Band 1: Phanerogamen Hirschwald, Berlin 1834 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
- Abbildung und Beschreibung der in Deutschland wild wachsenden und in Gärten im Freien ausdauernden Giftgewächse nach natürlichen Familien erläutert. Band 2: Kryptogamen Hirschwald, Berlin 1838 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
- Untersuchungen über die fossilen und subfossilen cetaceen Europa's. Mémoires de L'Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint-Petersbourg, Series 7 20(1):1-372 1873
Taxa described by Brandt
Genera
Species
- Acipenser baerii <small> Brandt, 1869</small> (Siberian sturgeon)
- Acipenser guldenstadti <small>Brandt & Ratzeburg, 1833</small> (Caspian or Russian sturgeon)
- Acipenser schrenckii <small> Brandt, 1869</small> (Amur sturgeon)
- Chrysaora Fuscescens <small>Brandt, 1835</small> (Pacific sea nettle)
- Emberiza bruniceps <small> Brandt, 1841</small> (Red-headed bunting)
- Emberiza cioides <small> Brandt, 1843</small> (Meadow bunting)
- Holothuria leucospilota <small>Brandt, 1835</small> (black long sea cucumber)
- Idotea ochotensis <small> Brandt, 1851</small>
- Lasiopodomys brandtii <small>(Radde, 1861)</small> (Brandt's vole)
- Ligia dilatata <small> Brandt, 1833</small> (sea slater)
- Metridium farcimen <small>Brandt, 1835</small> (Giant Plumose Anemone)
- Mesocricetus brandti <small>(Nehring, 1898)</small> (Brandt's or Turkish hamster)
- Myotis brandtii <small>Eversmann, 1845</small> (Brandt's bat)
- Paraechinus hypomelas <small>(Brandt, 1836)</small> (Brandt's hedgehog)
- Urile penicillatus <small>(Brandt, 1837)</small> (Brandt's cormorant)
- Porphyrophora hamelii <small>Brandt, 1833</small> (Armenian cochineal)
- Somateria fischeri <small>Brandt, 1847</small> (spectacled eider)
- Stichopus chloronotus <small> Brandt, 1835</small> (black sea cucumber)
- Trionyx maackii <small> Brandt, 1858</small> (Chinese softshell turtle)
Taxon named in his honor
- The Pacific redfin, Pseudaspius brandtii is a species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, chubs, true minnows and related fishes. It is found from the Siberian Pacific Coast through coastal Japan.
- Myoxocephalus brandtii <small> (Steindachner 1867) </small> the snowy sculpin, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. This species is found in the northwest Pacific, with a range extending from the Sea of Okhotsk to Hokkaido and the Sea of Japan.
- The Kura loach, Oxynoemacheilus brandtii <small>(Kessler 1877)</small> also known as the Caspian sportive loach, is an Asian species of freshwater fish, occurring in the drainage basin of the Kura in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkey and Iran.
- Serrasalmus brandtii <small>Lütken 1875</small>
References
- Anonym 1877 Das fünfzigjährige Doktorjubiläum des Akademikers Geheimrat Johann Friedrich Brandt am 12.(24.) Januar 1876. St. Petersburg.
- Anonym 1879 [Brandt, J. F.] Botan. Ztg. 37 743
- Anonym 1879: [Brandt, J. F.] Naturaliste Canad. 1 111
- Anonym 1879: [Biography] Zool. Anz. 2 480
- Medvedev, G. S. 2000 [Brandt, J. F.] Trudy Russk. ent. Obsc. 71 6-22, Portr.
- Ratzeburg, J. T. C. 1874 Forstwissenschaftliches Schriftsteller-Lexikon. Berlin, Nicolai'sche Buchhandlung : X+1-516 72âÂÂ76
- Strauch, A. 1889 Das zoologische Museum der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St. Petersburg in seinem fünfzigjährigen Bestehen.
Notes
External links