Jefferson Township is one of thirteen townships in Putnam County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,318 (up from 1,252 at 2010) and it contained 526 housing units.
The Melville F. McHaffie Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The former Mill Creek Township consolidated with Jefferson Township in the mid-1930s.
According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of , all land.
(This list is based on USGS data and may include former settlements.)