Jakobson is a patronymic surname meaning "son of Jakob". Notable people with the surname include:
- August Jakobson (1904âÂÂ1963), Estonian writer
- Barbara Jakobson (1933âÂÂ2025), American art collector
- Carl Robert Jakobson (1841âÂÂ1882), Estonian journalist, writer, politician and teacher
- Eduard Magnus Jakobson (1847âÂÂ1903), Estonian wood engraver
- Gregg Jakobson (born 1939), American songwriter
- Idel Jakobson (1904âÂÂ1997), Latvian NKVD investigator
- Lars Jakobson (born 1959), Swedish author
- Lars Jakobson Thingnæsset (1760âÂÂ1829), Norwegian farmer and politician
- Leo Jakobson (born 1953), Estonian curler
- Maarja Jakobson (born 1977), Estonian actress
- Max Jakobson (1923âÂÂ2013), Finnish diplomat
- Peeter Jakobson (1854âÂÂ1899), Estonian writer
- Roman Jakobson (1896âÂÂ1982), Russian linguist
- Maggie Wheeler (born 1961 as Margaret Jakobson), American actress
See also