Ivan Anatolievich Shpitsberg (; 1880 â 1933), was a Russian and Soviet lawyer, journalist, writer, translator, organizer, and head of the scientific society and publishing house Atheist () (1921), and editor of the eponymous magazine.
Career
Shpitsberg was born into a noble family. He graduated from the Faculty of Law at Saint Petersburg State University in 1906. On 1 September 1906 he became an assistant to a sworn attorney. On 9 June 1912 he became a sworn attorney in St. Petersburg. After February 1917, he worked as an official of the Holy Synod on divorce cases. According to information on 13 March 1917, he was an "employee of the commissariat of the 4 sub-district of the Foundry District" in Petrograd. From January to June 1918, he was "chairman of the Marriage Department of the Foundry District Council" of the Workers' Council and soldiers' deputies, also in Petrograd. Since 1918, he became an anti-religious lecturer-propagandist, and, at the same time, a comrade of the People's Commissar in Petrograd. He joined the ranks of the RCP (b), according to various sources, in May to July 1919.
Shpitsberg also took part in the publication of the magazine "Revolution and Church". On 17 May 1919 he began working in the VIII department of the People's Commissariat of Justice: first as an expert, and then (no later than May 1920) in its body on the most important cases. From 1 December 1920 to 31 May 1921 he served as the legal adviser of the Cheka. At the same time, he was an authorized officer of the Seventh Division of the Secret Department of the Cheka. Shpitsberg led investigations of church processes from 1918-1920. He was dismissed from the Cheka for defamation on 10 June 1921.
In 1921, he became the organizer and head of the scientific society and publishing house Atheist (). Under the guidance of Shpitsberg, a library of atheistic literature of foreign authors was created, and the books were translated by P. Holbach, A. Drews, J. Robertson, G. Daumer, J. Fraser, L. Taxil, and others.
He died of heart disease.
Works
Books
- æõÃÂúþòýøúø ø øÃÂ
ðóõýÃÂàÿÃÂõô ýðÃÂþôýÃÂü ÃÂõòþûÃÂÃÂøþýýÃÂü ÃÂÃÂôþü / , 1919. â 6-8; á. 62-76
- æõÃÂúþòýøúø ø øÃÂ
ðóõýÃÂàÿõÃÂõô ýðÃÂþôýÃÂü ø ÃÂõòþûÃÂÃÂøþýýÃÂü ÃÂÃÂôþü : ÃÂõûþ þñ ðýÃÂøÃÂõüøÃÂÃÂúþù ðóøÃÂðÃÂøø ò ÃÂþÃÂúþòÃÂúþü ÃÂþñþÃÂõ ÃÂðÃÂøûøàÃÂûðöõýýþóþ ò ÃÂòÃÂ÷ø àþñýðÃÂÃÂöõýøõü ò ýõü ÃÂÃÂÃÂÿðûÃÂýøÃÂà"üÃÂÃÂõýøúð ÃÂðòÃÂøøûð", / ÃÂ.è. - ÃÂ. : ÃÂðÃÂ. úþü. ÃÂÃÂÃÂ., 1920. - 16 ÃÂ.; 25 ÃÂü. - (ÃÂýÃÂøÃÂõûøóøþ÷. ñ-úð öÃÂÃÂý. "àõòþûÃÂÃÂøàø ÃÂõÃÂúþòÃÂ"; ÃÂÃÂÿ.5)
- áòÃÂÃÂþù ÃÂðÃÂøûøù ÃÂÃÂÃÂ÷ýþò: ÷ðÃÂøÃÂð ÿþôüþÃÂúþòýÃÂÃÂ
ðúÃÂû ÃÂõúÃÂÃÂøûÃÂýþù ÿÃÂþüÃÂÃÂûõýýþÃÂÃÂø / ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂó. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂðÃÂÃÂýþõ þ-òþ ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, 1925. - 32 ÃÂ. : øû.; djvu
- âþ öõ. - 2-õ ø÷ô; ÃÂñûþöúð: ÃÂ. âÃÂøòðÃÂ. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, 1929 (ÃÂþÃÂøÃÂþò : ÃÂøÿ. ÃÂþüñøýðÃÂð). - 32 ÃÂ. : øû., ÿþÃÂÃÂÃÂ., ÃÂðúÃÂ.;
- ÃÂõò âþûÃÂÃÂþù úðú ÃÂÃÂþûÿ ø ÃÂÃÂòõÃÂöôõýøõ ÿþÿþòÃÂøýÃÂ: ÃÂÃÂþÃÂøòþÃÂþûÃÂÃÂþòÃÂúðàÃÂ
ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþüðÃÂøà/ ÃÂþô ÃÂõô. ÃÂ. ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð. - 3-õ ø÷ô., øÃÂÿÃÂ. ø ôþÿ. - [ÃÂþÃÂúòð] : ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, [1930] (âòõÃÂà: óþÃÂÃÂøÿþ-ûøÃÂ. øü. ÃÂðÃÂûð ÃÂðÃÂúÃÂð). - 160 ÃÂ.;
As the author of the preface to the book
- ÃÂÃÂõòÃÂ, ÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂ. ÃÂøû ûø ðÿþÃÂÃÂþû ÃÂõÃÂÃÂ? / ÃÂÃÂþÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂàÃÂÃÂõòÃÂ; ÃÂõÃÂ. ø ÿÃÂøü. ÃÂ. àÃÂüÃÂýÃÂõòð; ÃÂÃÂõôøÃÂû. ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, 1924. - VIII, 100 ÃÂ. : øû.; 26 ÃÂü
- ÃÂÃÂõòÃÂ, ÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂ. ÃÂøàþ ÃÂ¥ÃÂøÃÂÃÂõ / ÃÂÃÂþÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂàÃÂÃÂõòÃÂ; ÃÂõÃÂ. àýõü. ÿþô ÃÂõô. ÃÂ. ÃÂÃÂðÃÂøúþòð. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, [1924]. - 22 ÃÂü. â. 1: â. 1 / á ÿÃÂõôøÃÂû. ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð: "ÃÂ¥ÃÂøÃÂÃÂþÃÂ, úðú ôøýðüþüðÃÂøýð úðÿøÃÂðûø÷üð". - 1924. - XXIV, 210 ÃÂ.
- ÃÂþÃÂòøý, ÃÂÃÂÃÂþ. ÃÂõÃÂúðûþ ÿðÿø÷üð / ÃÂÃÂÃÂþ ÃÂþÃÂòøý; ÿõÃÂ. àýõü. ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂõý÷õýð àÿÃÂõôøÃÂû. ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, 1924. - 12 ÃÂ., 320 ÃÂÃÂûñ.; 24 ÃÂü.
Translations
- ÃÂðõýÃÂþý, ÃÂôÃÂðÃÂô. àñþóõ ø ÃÂõÃÂÃÂõ / ÃÂõÃÂ. àÃÂÃÂðýÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð; ÃÂ. ÃÂðõýÃÂþý; áÃÂðÃÂÃÂàÃÂòðýð ÃÂýðÃÂþûÃÂõòøÃÂð èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð. àõûøóøþ÷ýðàÃÂ÷òð. - ÃÂõÃÂÃÂþóÃÂðô : [ñ. ø.], 1919 (ÃÂøÿ. ÃÂ. ï. ÃÂÃÂÃÂýÃÂúøýð). - [2], XXX, 100, III ÃÂ.; 22 ÃÂü.
- ÃÂðõýÃÂþý, ÃÂôÃÂðÃÂô. àñþóõ ø ÃÂõÃÂÃÂõ : (ÃÂðüÃÂûõÃÂ) / ÃÂôÃÂðÃÂô ÃÂðÃÂýÃÂþý; ÃÂõÃÂ. àÃÂÃÂðýÃÂ. ø ÿÃÂøü. ÃÂ. ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂÃÂðÃÂýðàýþòÃÂ, 1923. - IV, 160 ÃÂ. : øû.; 24 ÃÂü.
- ÃÂ. ÃÂðÃÂýÃÂþý. àÃÂþóõ ø ÃÂõÃÂÃÂõ. (ÃÂðüÃÂûõÃÂ). ÃÂõÃÂõòþô àÃÂÃÂðýÃÂÃÂ÷ÃÂúþóþ ø ÿÃÂøüõÃÂðýøàÃÂ. ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð. (à32 ÃÂøÃÂÃÂýúðüø). ÃÂþÃÂúòð. ÃÂ÷ôðÃÂõûÃÂÃÂÃÂòþ "ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ". 1923 ó. - V, 160 ÃÂ.
- àþñõÃÂÃÂÃÂþý, ÃÂöþý. ÃÂòðýóõûÃÂÃÂúøõ üøÃÂà/ ÃÂöþý àþñõÃÂÃÂÃÂþý; ÿõÃÂõòþô àýõü. ÿþô ÃÂõô. ø àÿÃÂõøÃÂû. ÃÂ. ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, 1923. - XIV, 224 ÃÂ. : øû.
- ÃÂûðÃÂ, ÃÂûÃÂÃÂþýÃÂ. ÃÂ¥ÃÂøÃÂÃÂøðýÃÂÃÂòþ ø äÃÂðýÃÂÃÂ÷ÃÂúðàÃÂõòþûÃÂÃÂøÃÂ. 1789-1802 / ÃÂûÃÂÃÂþýàÃÂûðÃÂ; ÃÂõÃÂ. àÃÂÃÂðýÃÂ. ÿþô ÃÂõô. [ø àÿÃÂõôøÃÂû.] ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, 1925. - 98, [1] ÃÂ.; 23 ÃÂü
- . ÃÂøàø ÃÂõûøóøà: (ÿõÃÂòþñÃÂÃÂýðàüøÃÂþûþóøàò üðÃÂõÃÂøðûøÃÂÃÂøÃÂõÃÂúþü þÃÂòõÃÂõýøø) : ÃÂúð÷úø ðòÃÂÃÂÃÂðûøùÃÂúøÃÂ
ÃÂÃÂ÷õüÃÂõò / ÃÂõýÃÂøÃÂ
ÃÂùûÃÂôõÃÂüðý; ÿõÃÂ. àýõü. ÿþô ÃÂõô. ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, 1926. - 72, [2] ÃÂ. : øû.; 26 ÃÂü.
- ÃÂðÃÂüõÃÂ, ÃÂõþÃÂó äÃÂøôÃÂøÃÂ. âðùýàôÃÂõòýõóþ ÃÂ
ÃÂøÃÂÃÂøðýÃÂÃÂòð / ÃÂ. ÃÂðÃÂüõÃÂ; ÃÂõÃÂ. àýõüõÃÂú. ÿþô ÃÂõô. ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð. - [ÃÂþÃÂúòð] : ýðÃÂÃÂ. þ-òþ ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, [1927] ("ÃÂþÃÂÿþûøóÃÂðÃÂ" ÃÂøÿþ-ÃÂøýúþóÃÂðÃÂøà"ÃÂÃÂÃÂûàÿõÃÂðÃÂýøúð"). - 176 ÃÂ. : øû.; 26ÃÂ
18 ÃÂü
As an editor
- ÃÂþûøòðýþò, áõÃÂóõù. ÃÂÃÂõàâðÃÂúòøýøù : âÃÂðóõôøàò 3 ô. / [áþÃÂ.] á. ÃÂþûøòðýþòð ÃÂþô ÃÂõô. ÃÂ. ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð ø ÃÂ. ä. ÃÂúÃÂðóðÃÂÃÂúþóþ. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, 1922. - 15 ÃÂ. : øû., ýþÃÂ.; 35 ÃÂü.
- ÃÂþûøòðýþò, áõÃÂóõù. ÃÂÃÂõàâðÃÂúòøýøù : âÃÂðóõôøàò 3 ô. / [áþÃÂ.] á. ÃÂþûøòðýþòð ÃÂþô ÃÂõô. ÃÂ. ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð ø ÃÂ. ä. ÃÂúÃÂðóðÃÂÃÂúþóþ. - 2-õ ø÷ô. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, 1922. - 15 ÃÂ. : øû., ýþÃÂ.; 35 ÃÂü.
- ÃÂþûøòðýþò, áõÃÂóõù. ÃÂÃÂõàâðÃÂúòøýøù : âÃÂðóõôøàò 3-ÃÂ
ô. / á. ÃÂþûøòðýþò ÃÂþô. ÃÂõô. ÃÂ. ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂóð ø ÃÂ. ä. ÃÂúÃÂðóðÃÂÃÂúþóþ. - 3-õ ø÷ô. - [ÃÂþÃÂúòð] : ÃÂþÃÂú. ÃÂõðÃÂÃÂ. ø÷ô-òþ, 1925. - 79 ÃÂ.; 18 ÃÂü.
- áòÃÂÃÂþù þÃÂÃÂþú ÃÂðòÃÂøøû : áÃÂõôýõòõúþòðàñõùûøÃÂøðôð (ÃÂõûþ þñ ðýÃÂøÃÂõüøÃÂÃÂúþù ðóøÃÂðÃÂøø ò ÃÂþÃÂú. ÃÂþñþÃÂõ ÃÂðÃÂøûøàÃÂûðöõýýþóþ ò ÃÂòÃÂ÷ø àþñýðÃÂÃÂöõýøõü ò ýõü ÃÂÃÂÃÂÿðûÃÂýøÃÂàüÃÂÃÂõýøúð ÃÂðòÃÂøøûð). - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, (1923). - 16 ÃÂ. : øû.; 26 ÃÂü.
- ÃÂÃÂûðàÿþ øÃÂÃÂþÃÂøø ÃÂõûøóøø / áþÃÂÃÂ. ÿÃÂø ÃÂÃÂðÃÂÃÂøø ÿÃÂþÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂðÃÂ
ðÃÂþòð, ÿÃÂþÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂðóðÃÂþòð, ÿÃÂþÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂ. ÃÂøúþûÃÂÃÂúþóþ ø [ôÃÂ.]; ÃÂÃÂò. ÃÂõô. ÃÂ. ÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂó. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, 1930. - 246, [2] ÃÂ. : òúû. øû.; 26 ÃÂü.
- ÃÂþûþàòõôÃÂü / ÃÂþýðÃÂ
ø ï. èÿÃÂõýóõÃÂ, ÃÂ. ÃÂýÃÂÃÂøÃÂþÃÂøÃÂ; ÃÂõÃÂ. àûðÃÂ. ÃÂ. æòõÃÂúþòð; á ÿÃÂõôøÃÂû. ÿÃÂþÃÂ. á.ÃÂ. ÃÂþ÷øýÃÂúþóþ, ÿÃÂþÃÂ. ÃÂ.ÃÂ. ÃÂðÃÂúøýð; àõôðúÃÂþàÃÂ. èÿøÃÂñõÃÂó. - ÃÂþÃÂúòð : ÃÂÃÂõøÃÂÃÂ, 1932. - 297 ÃÂ.; 26 ÃÂü.
References
Notes