Indonesia first participated at the Islamic Solidarity Games in 2005 and has sent athletes to compete in every Islamic Solidarity Games since. As of 2022, Indonesian athletes have won a total of 222 medals at the games, making it one of the top nations.
Palembang, capital city of South Sumatra, hosted Islamic Solidarity Games in 2013.Indonesia was announced as the host for the Games in April 2011 with Pekanbaru, Riau, as the host city. However, the Games were then relocated to Jakarta citing lack of standard at some venues. Palembang was finally selected as the host city and the Games were delayed about three months from the original timeframe in June.