Hypoaspis is a genus of mites in the family Laelapidae.
Description
Hypoaspis is superficially similar to related genera such as Coleolaelaps, Mumulaelaps and Promacrolaelaps. It can be distinguished by: a rounded and oval dorsal shield without lateral incisions, and with 35âÂÂ40 pairs of setae including one or more pairs of Zx setae; opisthonotal seta Z4 being very long and wavy; the sternal shield having a distinct anterior margin; h3 being longest out of the hypostomal setae; the first leg pair being longer than the third leg pair; the second and third femurs on each side with macrosetae present; the tarsus of the second leg pair with thick subterminal spines; and the post-anal seta shorter than or equal in length to the para-anal setae.
This genus of mites is often associated with beetles, especially scarab beetles, but the nature of this association is uncertain. Hypoaspis may be parasites of eggs and larvae, or they may be commensals that feed on beetle exudates or on other small invertebrates associated with beetles.
Biological control
The genus once contained the species H. aculeifer and H. miles, which are used for biological pest control of sciarid and phorid fly larvae in mushrooms. However, these species have since been moved to genera Gaeolaelaps and Stratiolaelaps, respectively.
Species
The composition of Hypoaspis is uncertain. It has historically been a large genus with multiple subgenera. It was later reduced to only the members of subgenus Hypoaspis (Hypoaspis) or Hypoaspis sensu stricto. There are currently 36 species.
Below is a list of species currently and formerly included in Hypoaspis:
- Hypoaspis aciphila <small>Karg, 1987</small>
- Hypoaspis acme <small>Womersley, 1955</small>
- Hypoaspis aculeifer <small>(G. Canestrini, 1884)</small>
- Hypoaspis aculeiferoides <small>Teng, 1982</small>
- Hypoaspis acutiscutus <small>(Teng, 1982)</small>
- Hypoaspis analis <small>Karg, 1982</small>
- Hypoaspis angulatus <small>(Berlese, 1916)</small>
- Hypoaspis angusta <small>Karg, 1965</small>
- Hypoaspis anserina <small>Karg, 1981</small>
- Hypoaspis ardoris <small>Karg, 1993</small>
- Hypoaspis armstrongi <small>(Womersley, 1956)</small>
- Hypoaspis astronomica <small>(C.L. Koch, 1839)</small>
- Hypoaspis australis <small>Hull, 1923</small>
- Hypoaspis austriacus <small>(Sellnick, 1935)</small>
- Hypoaspis aviator <small>(Berlese, 1920))</small>
- Hypoaspis baichengensis <small>Ma, 2000</small>
- Hypoaspis barbarae <small>Strong, 1995</small>
- Hypoaspis barbatula <small>Karg, 1989</small>
- Hypoaspis berlesei <small>Bernhard, 1973</small>
- Hypoaspis bipennata <small>Karg, 2003</small>
- Hypoaspis bispinosa <small>Karg, 1997</small>
- Hypoaspis blattae <small>Strong & Halliday, 1994</small>
- Hypoaspis brevidentis <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis brevipedestra <small>Karg, 1985</small>
- Hypoaspis brevipellis <small>Karg, 1979</small>
- Hypoaspis brevistilis <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis campestris <small>(Berlese, 1887)</small>
- Hypoaspis cassoidea <small>Karg, 1981</small>
- Hypoaspis cerata <small>Karg, 1982</small>
- Hypoaspis changlingensis <small>Ma, 2000</small>
- Hypoaspis chelaris <small>Teng, Zhang & Cui, 1992</small>
- Hypoaspis chianensis <small>Gu, 1990</small>
- Hypoaspis chini <small>(Bai & Gu, 1993)</small>
- Hypoaspis chongqingensis <small>Ma, Zhang & Li, 2003</small>
- Hypoaspis ciconia <small>Karg, 1979</small>
- Hypoaspis claviger <small>(Berlese, 1883)</small>
- Hypoaspis collina <small>Huhta & Karg, 2010</small>
- Hypoaspis comelicensis <small>(Lombardini, 1962)</small>
- Hypoaspis concinna <small>Teng, 1982</small>
- Hypoaspis corpolongus <small>(Rosario, 1981)</small>
- Hypoaspis corpulentus <small>(Berlese, 1920)</small>
- Hypoaspis cubaensis <small>Karg, 1981</small>
- Hypoaspis cuneifer <small>Michael, 1891</small>
- Hypoaspis cursoria <small>Karg, 1988</small>
- Hypoaspis dailingensis <small>Ma & Yin, 1998</small>
- Hypoaspis debilis <small>Ma, 1996</small>
- Hypoaspis decellei <small>van-Driel, Loots & Marais, 1977</small>
- Hypoaspis decemsetae <small>Karg, 1994</small>
- Hypoaspis deinos <small>Zeman, 1982</small>
- Hypoaspis dendrophilus <small>(Davydova, 1977)</small>
- Hypoaspis dentipilosa <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis digitalis <small>(Teng, 1981)</small>
- Hypoaspis disjuncta <small>Hunter & Yeh, 1969</small>
- Hypoaspis disparatus <small>(Banks, 1916)</small>
- Hypoaspis diversa <small>Karg, 1994</small>
- Hypoaspis elegans <small>Joharchi, Ostovan & Babaeian, 2014</small>
- Hypoaspis elegantula <small>(Berlese, 1903)</small>
- Hypoaspis elimata <small>Berlese, 1920</small>
- Hypoaspis equitans <small>(Michael, 1891)</small>
- Hypoaspis euarmata <small>Karg, 1996</small>
- Hypoaspis eucapillata <small>Karg, 2003</small>
- Hypoaspis eugenitalis <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis eupatori <small>(Womersley, 1956)</small>
- Hypoaspis eupraedonis <small>Karg, 1989</small>
- Hypoaspis eupygidialis <small>Karg, 2003</small>
- Hypoaspis euventricosa <small>Karg, 1995</small>
- Hypoaspis evansi <small>Arutunian, 1993</small>
- Hypoaspis expolita <small>(Berlese, 1904)</small>
- Hypoaspis exquisita <small>Karg, 1989</small>
- Hypoaspis femorata <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis finitima <small>(Berlese, 1903))</small>
- Hypoaspis fishtowni <small>Ruf & Koehler, 1993</small>
- Hypoaspis formationis <small>Karg, 1989</small>
- Hypoaspis furcatoides <small>Karg, 1981</small>
- Hypoaspis glabra <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis gladii <small>Karg, 1993</small>
- Hypoaspis gleba <small>Karg, 1979</small>
- Hypoaspis guttaforma <small>Karg, 1989</small>
- Hypoaspis guttulata <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis haiyuanensis <small>Bai, Chen & Gu, 1994</small>
- Hypoaspis hefeiensis <small>Xu & Liang, 1996</small>
- Hypoaspis hermaphroditoides <small>Oudemans, 1902</small>
- Hypoaspis heteronychus <small>(Womersley, 1956)</small>
- Hypoaspis hoffmannae <small>Smiley, Baker & Delfinado-Baker, 1996</small>
- Hypoaspis hunanensis <small>Ma & Zheng, 2000</small>
- Hypoaspis inarmata <small>Karg, 1997</small>
- Hypoaspis inepilis <small>Banks, 1916</small>
- Hypoaspis integer <small>(Berlese, 1911)</small>
- Hypoaspis inversus <small>(Banks, 1916)</small>
- Hypoaspis isodentis <small>Karg, 1989</small>
- Hypoaspis isotricha <small>(Kolenati, 1858)</small>
- Hypoaspis jambar <small>Ishikawa, 1985</small>
- Hypoaspis krameri <small>(G. Canestrini & R. Canestrini, 1881)</small>
- Hypoaspis krantzi <small>Arutunian, 1993</small>
- Hypoaspis larvicolus <small>Joharchi & Halliday, 2011</small>
- Hypoaspis latanalis <small>Karg, 2000</small>
- Hypoaspis latodentis <small>Karg, 1993</small>
- Hypoaspis lepoauris <small>Karg, 1981</small>
- Hypoaspis lepta <small>Oudemans, 1902</small>
- Hypoaspis leptolingua <small>Karg, 1994</small>
- Hypoaspis liae <small>(Bai & Gu, 1993)</small>
- Hypoaspis lingua <small>Karg, 1987</small>
- Hypoaspis liui <small>(Samsinak, 1962)</small>
- Hypoaspis loksai <small>Karg, 2000</small>
- Hypoaspis longanalis <small>Karg, 2003</small>
- Hypoaspis longchuanensis <small>Gu & Duan, 1991</small>
- Hypoaspis longichaetus <small>Ma, 1996</small>
- Hypoaspis longicostalis <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis longodigiti <small>Karg, 1979</small>
- Hypoaspis longogenitalis <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis louisensis <small>Loots, 1980</small>
- Hypoaspis lusisi <small>Lapina, 1976</small>
- Hypoaspis luteus <small>(Oudemans, 1917)</small>
- Hypoaspis lyratus <small>(Banks, 1916)</small>
- Hypoaspis mabilogus <small>(Rosario, 1981)</small>
- Hypoaspis macra <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis macrochaeta <small>Karg, 1988</small>
- Hypoaspis magkadikitus <small>(Rosario, 1981)</small>
- Hypoaspis magnisetae <small>Ma, 1988</small>
- Hypoaspis mahuncai <small>Karg, 1988</small>
- Hypoaspis malakutsilyus <small>(Rosario, 1981)</small>
- Hypoaspis mandibularis <small>(Ewing, 1909)</small>
- Hypoaspis maryamae <small>Joharchi & Halliday, 2011</small>
- Hypoaspis masculina <small>Karg, 1988</small>
- Hypoaspis matinikus <small>(Rosario, 1981)</small>
- Hypoaspis mediocuspis <small>(Karg, 1981)</small>
- Hypoaspis melolonthae <small>Joharchi & Halliday, 2011</small>
- Hypoaspis metapodalii <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis michaeli <small>Huhta & Karg, 2010</small>
- Hypoaspis miles <small>(Berlese, 1892)</small>
- Hypoaspis militiformis <small>Oudemans, 1902</small>
- Hypoaspis millipedus <small>(Rosario, 1981)</small>
- Hypoaspis minusculus <small>Banks, 1916</small>
- Hypoaspis mohrii <small>Ishikawa, 1982</small>
- Hypoaspis moseri <small>Hunter & Glover, 1968</small>
- Hypoaspis mumai <small>Hunter & Glover, 1968</small>
- Hypoaspis nana <small>(Mégnin, 1876)</small>
- Hypoaspis nasoseta <small>Karg, 1981</small>
- Hypoaspis neimongolianus <small>Ma-Liming & Wang-Shenron, 1998</small>
- Hypoaspis neocuneifer <small>Evans & Till, 1966</small>
- Hypoaspis ningxiaensis <small>(Bai & Gu, 1993)</small>
- Hypoaspis nolli <small>Karg, 1962</small>
- Hypoaspis oblongus <small>(Halbert, 1915)</small>
- Hypoaspis onustus <small>(Berlese, 1904)</small>
- Hypoaspis oreithyiae <small>(Walter & Oliver, 1989)</small>
- Hypoaspis orientalis <small>Bei & Yin, 2000</small>
- Hypoaspis ornatus <small>(Berlese, 1903)</small>
- Hypoaspis ovatus <small>Ma, Ning & You-Wen, 2003</small>
- Hypoaspis ovisuga <small>(Berlese, 1903)</small>
- Hypoaspis pahabaeus <small>(Rosario, 1981)</small>
- Hypoaspis pannicula <small>Karg, 1981</small>
- Hypoaspis paraculeifer <small>(Rosario, 1981)</small>
- Hypoaspis paracuneifer <small>Gu & Bai, 1992</small>
- Hypoaspis passalus <small>(Rosario, 1981)</small>
- Hypoaspis paucidentis <small>Karg, 1989</small>
- Hypoaspis pellucida <small>Berlese, 1904</small>
- Hypoaspis penicillata <small>Karg, 1979</small>
- Hypoaspis picketti <small>Hunter & Glover, 1968</small>
- Hypoaspis pinnae <small>Karg, 1987</small>
- Hypoaspis postreticulatus <small>Xu & Liang, 1996</small>
- Hypoaspis praesternalis <small>Willmann, 1949</small>
- Hypoaspis praesternaloides <small>Ma & Yin, 1998</small>
- Hypoaspis praetarsalis <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis pratensis <small>Huhta & Karg, 2010</small>
- Hypoaspis pugiocuspis <small>Karg, 1981</small>
- Hypoaspis pugni <small>Karg, 1979</small>
- Hypoaspis punyalus <small>(Rosario, 1981)</small>
- Hypoaspis pycnosis <small>Karg, 1979</small>
- Hypoaspis qinghaiensis <small>Li-Chao, Yang-Xizheng & Yue-Shanlon, 1997</small>
- Hypoaspis queenslandicus <small>(Womersley, 1956)</small>
- Hypoaspis quinquepara <small>Karg, 2000</small>
- Hypoaspis rarosae <small>(Rosario, 1981)</small>
- Hypoaspis relictovi <small>Senotrusova, 1982</small>
- Hypoaspis reticulatus <small>Xu & Liang, 1996</small>
- Hypoaspis rhizotrogi <small>Masan, 1998</small>
- Hypoaspis rhopaea <small>(Womersley, 1956)</small>
- Hypoaspis rigensis <small>Lapina, 1976</small>
- Hypoaspis rosei <small>Strong & Halliday, 1994</small>
- Hypoaspis ruggi <small>Strong & Halliday, 1994</small>
- Hypoaspis saana <small>Huhta & Karg, 2010</small>
- Hypoaspis sardous <small>(Berlese, 1911)</small>
- Hypoaspis schusteri <small>(Hirschmann, 1966)</small>
- Hypoaspis seriopilosa <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis serpentis <small>Karg, 1979</small>
- Hypoaspis serrata <small>Karg, 1979</small>
- Hypoaspis shenyangensis <small>Bei, Shi & Yin, 2003</small>
- Hypoaspis similisetae <small>Karg, 1965</small>
- Hypoaspis simplex <small>(Berlese, 1920)</small>
- Hypoaspis simplexans <small>(Womersley, 1956)</small>
- Hypoaspis sinensis <small>(Bai & Gu, 1993)</small>
- Hypoaspis solimani <small>Nawar, Shereef & Ahmed, 1993</small>
- Hypoaspis sorecis <small>Li, Zheng & Yang, 1996</small>
- Hypoaspis spinacrassus <small>Rosario, 1981</small>
- Hypoaspis spinaperaffinis <small>Ma & Cui, in Ma, Liu & Cui 2002</small>
- Hypoaspis spiniseta <small>Barilo, in Barylo 1991</small>
- Hypoaspis stilosus <small>(Canestrini, 1884)</small>
- Hypoaspis subminor <small>Gu & Bai, 1991</small>
- Hypoaspis submontana <small>Bai, Chen & Gu, 1994</small>
- Hypoaspis subpictus <small>Gu & Bai, 1992</small>
- Hypoaspis sungaris <small>Ma, 1996</small>
- Hypoaspis surenai <small>Joharchi & Shahedi, 2016</small>
- Hypoaspis surigaoensis <small>Rosario, 1981</small>
- Hypoaspis tengi <small>Gu & Bai, 1991</small>
- Hypoaspis tenuisetus <small>(Rosario, 1981)</small>
- Hypoaspis terrestris <small>Leonardi, 1899</small>
- Hypoaspis terrestrisimilis <small>Ma, Zhang & Li, 2003</small>
- Hypoaspis tetraspinae <small>Karg, 1995</small>
- Hypoaspis thysanifer <small>(Zeman, 1982)</small>
- Hypoaspis transversanalis <small>Karg, 2000</small>
- Hypoaspis tribina <small>Karg, 1979</small>
- Hypoaspis tridentata <small>Karg, 1979</small>
- Hypoaspis tridentifera <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis tripodiger <small>Berlese, 1916</small>
- Hypoaspis trispinosa <small>Berlese, 1920</small>
- Hypoaspis tuberculata <small>Masan, 1992</small>
- Hypoaspis ungeri <small>Karg, 1985</small>
- Hypoaspis vacuus <small>(Michael, 1891)</small>
- Hypoaspis vanmoli <small>Loots, 1980</small>
- Hypoaspis verticis <small>Karg, 1978</small>
- Hypoaspis vertisimilis <small>Karg, 1994</small>
- Hypoaspis wangae <small>(Bai & Gu, 1993)</small>
- Hypoaspis weni <small>Bai, Chen & Gu, 1994</small>
- Hypoaspis womersleyi <small>Domrow, 1957</small>
- Hypoaspis wufengensis <small>Liu & Ma, 2003</small>
- Hypoaspis xiajiangensis <small>(Liu & Ma, 2000)</small>
- Hypoaspis yamanchii <small>Ishikawa, 1982</small>
- Hypoaspis yeruiyuae <small>(Ma, 1995)</small>
- Hypoaspis zhongweiensis <small>(Bai & Gu, 1993)</small>
- Hypoaspis zhoumanshuae <small>Ma-Liming, 1997</small>
References